اثربخشي آموزش مديريت استرس براساس ذهن آگاهي در كاهش استرس كاركنان فرماندهي انتظامي شهرستان مشهد

The effectiveness of stress management training based on mindfulness in reducing the stress of police officers of Mashhad city

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ اﺳﺘﺮس ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ذﻫﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ و ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ آن ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﺮس ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﯽ اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺷﻐﻠﯽ، ﻣﺎﻣﻮرﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي ﭘﯽ در ﭘﯽ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺷﺪه آراﻣﺶ دروﻧﯽ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﯽ ﻧﯿﺮوي اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﯿﻔﺘﺪ و در درازﻣﺪت ﻓﺮﺳﺎﯾﺶ ﮐﺎري ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد آورد. ﺿﺮورت اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﺮس ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﻧﯿﺮوي ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﯽ اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺑﺎ آﻣﻮزش روﯾﮑﺮد ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ اﺳﺘﺮس ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ذﻫﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ اﺟﺮا ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﻧﯿﺮوي اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﻣﻘﺪس اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ 30 ﻧﻔﺮ از آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه 15 ﻧﻔﺮي ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ رواﻧﯽ ﮔﻠﺪﺑﺮگ و ﻫﯿﻠﺮ ، ﺧﺸﻢ اﺷﭙﯿﻠﺒﺮﮔﺮ ، ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪ ﻫﭙﻨﺮ و ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺘﺮس از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ 21 ﺳﻮاﻟﯽ دس ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ اﺳﺘﺮس ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ذﻫﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﺮس ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﯽ اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﺑﻌﺪ از آﻣﻮزش ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮات اﺳﺘﺮس ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 11/267 و ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮات اﺳﺘﺮس ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )15/267( ﺑﻮده و ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري آزﻣﻮن t ﺟﻔﺘﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 0/670 و ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻬﺎرت ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/110 و ﺑﺰرگﺗﺮ از 0/05 ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ آزﻣﻮن t ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻗﺒﻞ از آﻣﻮزش )0/127= P( و ﺑﻌﺪ از آﻣﻮزش )0/232= P( اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﺒﻮد و دو ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ،ﺧﺸﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ از آﻣﻮزش ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮات ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 14/733 و ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮات ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )18/933( ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ اﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ذﻫﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺿﻄﺮاب و ﺧﻮاب ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 5/533 و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )10/6( ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﮐﻨﺶ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 5/133 ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )11/467( ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ؛ و اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 5/133 و ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )11/467( ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ و در ﮐﻞ ارﺗﻘﺎي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﻧﯿﺮوي ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﯽ اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. در ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻗﺒﻞ از آﻣﻮزش )0/131= P( و ﺑﻌﺪ از آﻣﻮزش )0/101= P( اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﺒﻮد و دو ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﯾﮏ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻃﻮﻟﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ اﺳﺘﺮس ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ذﻫﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ، در ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﺮس و ﺧﺸﻢ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﻧﯿﺮوي اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﮔﺎم ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of stress management training based on mindfulness and its effect on stress of police officers in Mashhad. Due to the nature of the job and the successive missions, the retaliatory staff has endangered the internal peace of the staff and created job erosion in the long run. The general purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of stress management based on mindfulness to reduce stress of law enforcement personnel and specific objectives include determining the effectiveness of stress management based on mindfulness on depression, anxiety, sleep, social functioning, anger and problem solving skills of law enforcement personnel. The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group, which is an applied research. The statistical population includes all police officers in Mashhad, whose statistical sample includes 30 people in two groups of 15 control and testing. The research tool is a questionnaire that is clustered among the samples. The questionnaires included Goldberg and Hiller's general mental health, Spielberger's anger, Hepner's problem solving, and the stress section of the 21-item questionnaire. an‎d control group (15.267) and is effective as a result. Anger control The average score of anger in the experimental group is 14.733 in the control group (18.933) and is therefore effective. Stress management training based on mindfulness to reduce anxiety The sleep of the experimental group was 5.533 and the control group was 10.6. The social activity of the experimental group was equal to 5.133 of the control group (11.467). Depression in the experimental group was 5.133 and in the control group (11.467) and was effective in promoting the general health of law enforcement personnel. However, the results of this study showed that these exercises did not have the effect of solving the problem and the subject's