ارزيابي جرم تروريسم در پرتو اسناد بين المللي

Evaluating crime of terrorism in the light of international instruments

ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ و ﺣﺴﺎس ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ در ﻋﺼﺮ اﻣﺮوز، ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﻢ و آﺛﺎر آن در ﺗﺤﻮﻻت رواﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻞ اﺳﺖ ﭼﺮا ﮐﻪ ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﻢ از ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪي ﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ و ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺒﺪل ﮔﺸﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ را وادار ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم اﻗﺪاﻣﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﻢ ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﮔﺮﭼﻪ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ اﻋﻢ از ﯾﮏ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ و دوﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ و ﯾﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي ﺑﺮاي ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﻢ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ، اﻣﺎ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻫﻤﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ و ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﻫﻤﻪي دوﻟﺖﻫﺎ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺒﺎرزه ﺑﺎ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﻢ اﻣﺮي اﺟﺘﻨﺎبﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ اﺳﺖ و ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﮑﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺣﻞ ﻧﻤﻮدن اﯾﻦ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ ﻣﺘﺤﺪ اﺳﺖ. در راﺳﺘﺎي ﻣﺒﺎرزه ﺑﺎ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﻢ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ از ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﻢ، اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي را در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه اﻧﺠﺎم داده اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪي اﯾﻦ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت، ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺐ ﻗﻄﻌﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ و ﻣﻌﺎﻫﺪات ﺿﺪ ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﻢ در ﻣﻮرد اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﺪﯾﺪهي ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﻢ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ در دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﻣﻮرد ﻗﺒﻮل از ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﻓﯿﻘﯽ ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ، اﻣﺎ ﮐﻨﻮاﻧﺴﯿﻮنﻫﺎي ﺿﺪ ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﻢ ﻣﺼﻮب ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ، اﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ را ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ و از آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺮاﯾﻢ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﯾﺎد ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- اﺳﺘﺎدي ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

One of the critical issues the international community today, the phenomenon of terrorism and its effects on developments in international relations as a threat to international terrorism threat to the nation and the world has become. The global nature of this problem, the international community has been forced to take steps to deal with terrorism. Although several measures, including unilateral and bilateral or regional taken to control terrorism, But the participation of all governments and multilateral measures to combat the phenomenon of terrorism is inevitable and the most appropriate place to solve the global problem of the United Nations. Combating terrorism in line with the international community aware of the risks of terrorism, a number of steps to deal with this phenomenon has done. As a result of these measures, the adoption of anti-terrorism resolutions and conventions on various aspects of the phenomenon of terrorism. Although the international community has not succeeded in achieving a definition of terrorism, But anti-terrorism conventions adopted by international organizations, the different terrorist acts defined as crimes in international and speak of them. The current study was a descriptive documents.