تحليل وبررسي حقوق شهروندي در قانون آيين دادرسي كيفري سال 1392

Analysis and review of citizenship rights in the Criminal Procedure Code of 2013

ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و ﺣﻘﻮق دوﻟﺖ ﻣﺪرن در دﻧﯿﺎي ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه و ﺣﻘﻮق و اﻣﺘﯿﺎزات ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﯾﮏ ﮐﺸﻮر اﺳﺖ، ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺎن ﻣﺘﻤﺎدي ﺑﺮ داﻣﻨﻪ آن روز ﺑﻪ روز وﺳﻌﺖ ﺑﺨﺸﯿﺪه ﺷﺪه و ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ در ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﻣﻮرد ﻗﺒﻮل دوﻟﺖ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎ واﻗﻊﮔﺸﺘﻪ، اﯾﻦ ﺣﻘﻮق ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﻮر ﺗﻀﻤﯿﻦ ﺣﻘﻮق ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻣﺮوزه ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺣﻘﻮق ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪ زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎﻫﯽ اﻋﻢ از ﻣﺘﻬﻢ، ﺑﺰهدﯾﺪه و ﻏﯿﺮه ﻗﺮار دارد ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﻪي اﯾﻦ ﺣﻘﻮق ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ، در ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺳﺎﺳﯽ ﺟﻤﻬﻮري اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﯾﺮان ﻧﯿﺰ در اﺻﻞ ﺑﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﻮﯾﺶ اﯾﻦ ﺣﻘﻮق را ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺮدم اﯾﺮان ﻗﺮار داده، اﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﺄﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ اﯾﻦ اﺻﻞ ﺑﻄﻮر ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﻪ در ﮐﺸﻮر اﻋﻤﺎل ﻧﮕﺮدﯾﺪ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در ﻗﺎﻧﻮن آﯾﯿﻦ دادرﺳﯽﮐﯿﻔﺮي ﻣﺼﻮب 1378ﻧﯿﺰ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﺳﺘﯽﻫﺎ در ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻮد، ﺧﻮﺷﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ در ﻻﯾﺤﻪ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ آﯾﯿﻦ دادرﺳﯽﮐﯿﻔﺮي اﯾﻦ ﻧﻘﯿﺼﻪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮي ﺟﺒﺮان ﮔﺸﺘﻪ و ﺟﻬﺶ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اﺣﻘﺎق ﺣﻘﻮق ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان از ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن داده، و ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ را ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺘﻬﻢ، ﺑﺰهدﯾﺪه، ﺷﻬﻮد و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ اﺷﺨﺎص ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ ازدادرﺳﯽﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﺮي و در ﻃﻮل آن ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاي آنﻫﺎ ﻗﺮار داده اﺳﺖ.

One of the important social, political and rights components of the modern government in the contemporary world is the status and rights and privileges of the citizens of a country, rights that have been expanding day by day over many years and can be said in all societies accepted by the government Countries are located, these rights that are central to guaranteeing the rights of citizens are now known as the Civil Rights Act. The rights that every citizen deserves when he is in any position, including the accused, the victim, etc., in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in its twentieth principle, these rights are given to the people of Iran, but unfortunately this principle It was not properly implemented in the country. Also, in the law of criminal procedure approved in 1999, one of these shortcomings was in the country. an‎d has provided rights for the accused, the victim, the witnesses and other persons before and after the criminal proceedings and during them.