احتياط در كنترل وسايل ارتباطي افراد توسط ولي وقيم ازمنظراحكام روانشناسي فقه اماميه

The sanctity of controlling the means of communication of individuals by the guardian and guardian from the point of view of the psychological rules of Imami jurisprudence

ﮔﺮﭼﻪ درﺑﺎره ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺗﺠﺴﺲ و ﺟﺎﺳﻮﺳﯽ در زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺮشﻫﺎي ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ، ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ، ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ و... ﻧﮕﺎرشﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه، اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﺘﺐ ﻓﻘﻬﺎ از ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯿﻦ (اﺑﻦ ﺟﻨﯿﺪ، اﺑﻦ ﻋﻘﯿﻞ اﺳﮑﺎﻓﯽ و...) در ﻋﺼﺮ ﻣﻌﺼﻮم ﺗﺎ ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻓﻘﻬﺎي اﻣﺎﻣﯿﻪ و ﺣﺘﯽ اﻫﻞ ﺳﻨﺖ ﺑﺤﺚ واﻓﯽ و اﺟﺘﻬﺎدي ﮐﺎﻓﯽاي در ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎرت دﯾﮕﺮ اﺳﺎﺳﺎً ﻫﯿﭽﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﺎر ﻓﻘﻬﯽ ﺑﺮ روي ﻗﻠﻤﺮو ﺣﺮﯾﻢ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯽ اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي و وﺳﺎﯾﻞ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ- ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮔﻔﺖ ﺟﺰو ﻻﯾﻨﻔﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺷﺨﺼﯽ اﻓﺮاد ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ- ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺪه و ﺻﺮﻓﺎً ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﺰ در اﺑﻮاب ﻓﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از اﺣﮑﺎم ﺗﺠﺴّﺲ اﺷﺎره ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﺑﻮدن ﺣﺮﻣﺖ ﺗﺠﺴﺲ از ﺣﺮﯾﻢ اﻓﺮاد در ﻓﻘﻪ اﻣﺎﻣﯿﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺳﺆال ﻣﻄﺮح ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد ﮐﻪ آﯾﺎ ﺗﺠﺴﺲ در ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﻮارد ﺣﺮام اﺳﺖ ﯾﺎ اﯾﻦﮐﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻏﯿﺒﺖ و دروغ و دﯾﮕﺮ ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺎت اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎ داﺷﺘﻪ و در ﺣﺎﻻت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺣﮑﺎم دﯾﮕﺮي دارد و ﮔﺎﻫﯽ واﺟﺐ، ﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﯾﺎ ﻣﮑﺮوه و ﻣﺒﺎح ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد؟ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪه در ﭘﯽ آن اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﻣﺼﺎدﯾﻖ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺗﺠﺴﺲ از ﺣﺮﯾﻢ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯽ و ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺮاد را ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ادﻟﻪ اﺣﮑﺎم در ﻓﻘﻪ اﻣﺎﻣﯿﻪ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺼﺎدﯾﻖ ﺟﺎﺋﺰ ﺗﺠﺴﺲ و ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ در ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﺼﺎدﯾﻖ ﺟﻮاز وﺣﺮﻣﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺤﺚ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎرﻣﻬﻤﯽ ﮐﻪ اﻣﺮوزه ﺟﺰء ﺣﺮﯾﻢ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯽ اﻓﺮاد ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﺷﺨﺼﯽ ﻓﻀﺎي اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﯽ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ، اﯾﻤﯿﻞ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯽ و ﻣﻮﺑﺎﯾﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ اﻓﺮاد ﺑﻪ ﺣﮑﻢ وﻻﯾﺖ وﻗﯿﻢ ﺑﻮدن ﺣﻖ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﺗﺠﺴﺲ در ﻣﻮﺑﺎﯾﻞ اﻓﺮاد ﺗﺤﺖ وﻻﯾﺖ و ﻗﯿﻤﻮﻣﯿﺖ ﺧﻮد را ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ

Imami and even Sunni jurists have not had sufficient and ijtihad discussion on the present issue, in other words, basically no jurisprudential work on the realm of private privacy has been researched due to the advancement of technology and new means of communication, which can be said to have become an integral part of individuals' personal lives. Some of the rules of espionage have been mentioned very briefly in the chapters of jurisprudence. In this article, the author seeks to explain some new examples of intrusion into privacy and involving individuals based on the evidence of the rules in Imami jurisprudence. A very important issue that is part of the privacy of individuals today, such as personal communication devices, dedicated Internet space. , Are personal and mobile e-mails that individuals do not have the right to control and spy on the mobile phones of people under their guardianship and guardianship due to their guardianship.