شناسايي عوامل مؤثر در توانمندسازي كاركنان وظيفه (موردمطالعه سربازان وظيفه انتظامي شهر زاهدان)

Identify effective factors in empowering soldiers (Case study soldiers in Zahedan)

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻓﻦﻫﺎي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮاي اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﻬﺮهوري ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ از ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ و ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽﻫﺎي ﻓﺮدي و ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ در راﺳﺘﺎي اﻫﺪاف ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ. در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺗﻼش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﺷﻬﺮ زاﻫﺪان ﻣﻮردﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. روش: اﺑﺰار ﺟﻤﻊآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺳـﺖ . ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺳـﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺒﺘﻨـﯽ ﺑـﺮ 35 ﺳﺆال ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﻦ رواﯾﯽ و اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ از رواﯾـﯽ ﻣﺤﺘـﻮاﯾﯽ و ﺿـﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔـﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒـﺎخ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﻪﺿﺮورت از ﺷﯿﻮهﻫﺎي آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻـﯿﻔﯽ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾـﺪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در ﺑﺨﺶ آﻣﺎر اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ از روشﻫﺎ و ﻓﻦ ﻫـﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔـﯽ ﻧﻈﯿـﺮ آزﻣـﻮن ﻫﻤﺒﺴـﺘﮕﯽ، رﮔﺮﺳـﯿﻮن ﮔﺎمﺑﻪﮔﺎم و ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﯿﺎن ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮردﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ در ﺳـﻄﺢ ﯾـﮏ درﺻـﺪ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار وﺟﻮد دارد و ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎري، ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪﺳﺎزي ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎ و روشﻫﺎي ﮐﺎري، اﻃﻼﻋﺎت داﻧﺶ و ﻣﻬﺎرت و ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺑﻮدن اﻫﺪاف، ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎ و اﺧﺘﯿﺎرات وارد ﻣﺪل رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮﻧﯽ ﺷـﺪه و ﺑـﻪ ﻣﯿـﺰان 0/99 درﺻﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دادﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﻋﻠﯿﺖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﺤـﯿﻂ ﮐﺎري ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺮ روي ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان داﺷﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻣﻨﻔﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪﺳﺎزي ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎ، اﻃﻼﻋﺎت داﻧﺶ و ﻣﻬﺎرت و ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺑﻮدن اﻫﺪاف و ﻣﺴـﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﻫـ ﺎ ﺑـﺮ روي ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺪﯾﻬﯽ اﺳﺖ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎن ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎي وﻇﯿﻔﻪ ﺑﺎﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽﻫـﺎي ﺧـﻮد را ﭘـﺮورش دﻫﻨﺪ و ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن را ﮐﺴﺐ و ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻬﯿﺎ ﻧﻤﻮدن ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن وﻇﯿﻔﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽ اﺳﺖ.

Introduction: Employee empowerment is one of the effective techniques to increase employee productivity and optimal use of their individual and group capacity and abilities in line with organizational goals. In the present study, an attempt is made to investigate the factors affecting the empowerment of soldiers in Zahedan. Method: The data collection tool in this study is a questionnaire. The standard questionnaire was designed based on 35 questions and content validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used to determine the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the information as needed. Also, in the inferential statistics section, different methods and techniques such as correlation test, stepwise regression and path analysis were used. Findings: Based on the findings, there is a significant relationship between employee empowerment and the components under study at the level of one percent and the four components of the work environment, optimization of work processes and methods, knowledge and skills information and clear goals, responsibility an‎d authority entered the regression model and accounted for 0.99% of the changes. Also, the results of causal analysis showed that the work environment variable had the most positive and direct effect on the empowerment of soldiers and indirectly and negatively affected the empowerment through process optimization, knowledge and skills information and clear goals and responsibilities. . Conclusion: Obviously, the direct commanders of the task force should develop their competencies and acquire and strengthen the necessary skills to implement the staff empowerment process programs, and also preparing the organization in order to empower the staff is a very vital task