كليدواژه :
ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي , ﻧﻘﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ , ﺳﺮﺑﺎز , ﻧﯿﺮوي اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ
چكيده فارسي :
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻦ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ رﺷﺪ، ﺗﺮﻏﯿﺐ و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ اﻫﺪاف، ﺗﺮﻏﯿﺐ ﺧﻄﺮﭘﺬﯾﺮي، ﺧﻼﻗﯿﺖ و ﻧﻮ آوري و ﻗﺎدر ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ اﻓﺮاد ﺑﻪ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ اﺳﺖ. ﻋﻠﻞ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ زﯾـﺎد ي در اﻓـﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن وﻇﯿﻔﻪ ﻧﺎﺟﺎ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﯾﮑـﯽ از ﻣﻬـﻢ ﺗـﺮﯾﻦ و اﺻـﻠﯽ ﺗـﺮﯾﻦ اﯾـﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﺑﯽ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻔﺎي ﻧﻘﺶ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎن و ﻣﺪﯾﺮان و رؤﺳﺎي ﻧﯿﺮوي اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ در ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪ ﮐﺮدن ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن وﻇﯿﻔﻪ اﺳﺖ. در راﺳﺘﺎي اﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﻟﮕﻮي ﻧﻘﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﻨﺘﺰﺑﺮگ و ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ و اﺻﻮل ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻧﻘـﺶ ﻫـﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠـﻒ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧـﺪﻫﺎن و ﻣـﺪﯾﺮان در ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان اﻗﺪام ﺷﻮد.
روش: اﯾــﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿــﻖ از ﻧــﻮع ﮐــﺎرﺑﺮدي و روش آن ﻫﻤﺒﺴــﺘﮕﯽ اﺳــﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌــﻪ ﻣــﻮردﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺳــﺮﺑﺎزان ﮐﻼﻧﺘﺮي ﻫﺎي اراك و ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ 100 ﻧﻔﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼـﺎدﻓﯽ ﻃﺒﻘـﻪ ﺑﻨـﺪي ﺷـﺪه اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷـﺪه اﻧـﺪ . اﺑـﺰار ﮔـﺮدآوري داده ﻫـﺎي ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ، ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘـﻖ ﺳـﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺣـﺎوي 21 ﺳـﺆال از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ. رواﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺿـﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔـﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒـﺎخ 0/9 ﺑـﺮآورد و ﺑـﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ از آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: در ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ آﻣﺎري اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﻧﻘﺶ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ از اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑـﻪ ﺳـﺎﯾﺮ ﻧﻘـﺶ ﻫـﺎي ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧـﺪﻫﺎن ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﺑﯿﻦ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻫﺎ در ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ازﻧﻈﺮ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﻧﺎﺟﺎ، ارﺗﻘﺎي ﻣﻬﺎرت و داﻧﺶ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن وﻇﯿﻔﻪ و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﮔﺬاري در آﻣﻮزش، ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﯿﻮه ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ در ﮔﺮوه و ﮐﺎرِﮔﺮوﻫﯽ )ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﮔـﺮوه ﻫـﺎي ﮐﺎري(، اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻗﺪرت و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت، ﮔﺴﺘﺮش رﺷﺪ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ اي، ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﻮدن ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻻزم، اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎري ﺧﻼق و ﻧﻮآور در ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ دارد و ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ آﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ را در ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان دارد در وﻫﻠﻪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ، ارﺗﻘﺎي ﻣﻬﺎرت و داﻧﺶ ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﮔﺬاري در آﻣﻮزش اﺳﺖ.
ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻫـ ﺎي ارﺗﺒـﺎﻃﯽ ، اﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺗﯽ و ﺗﺼـﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿـﺮي ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎن در ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﻣﺆﺛﺮ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction: In terms of content, duration and age of military service in the Islamic Republic of Iran, is one of the most important periods in the life of men and has a great impact on individual and group characteristics of individuals. Undoubtedly, one of the most important characteristics that is the engine of economic and social progress of societies is the entrepreneurial characteristics of individuals. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the effect of military service on individual, group and technical characteristics of entrepreneurship. For this purpose, a three-dimensional model was used of individual, group and technical characteristics of entrepreneurship.
Method: The method of the present study is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive survey in terms of data collection and correlational in terms of data analysis and the required data were collected using a questionnaire. The statistical population is the total number of soldiers in the country. A total of 248 acceptable questionnaires were collected by cluster sampling. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, etc.) and inferential statistics (t-test, correlation coefficient test, etc.) were used to analyze the data.
Findings: The findings indicate that military service period has a positive effect on indicators of responsibility and self-confidence related to individual dimension, indicators of group participation and interpersonal skills related to group dimension and written indicators and environmental analysis related to technical dimension of entrepreneurship. There is also a positive relationship between military service and indicators of entrepreneurship.
Conclusion: Considering that the effect of military service on the specificity of innovation and its relationship with the elapsed time of military service was not confirmed. This seems to be due to the often military environment and strong bureaucracy, which, if it does not slow down innovation, will not strengthen it. Therefore, in order to strengthen the characteristic of innovation, which is one of the most important characteristics of entrepreneurship, it is better to create an environment and culture by considering the special characteristics of military service, to encourage new ideas and thoughts and not to blame mistakes and mistakes, because experience of These mistakes can lead to success and the creation of new products and services
