كليدواژه :
روستا , توليد زعفران , معيشت روستايي , محدوديت توليد , شهرستان قائنات
چكيده فارسي :
بخش كشاورزي با توجه به اينكه تأمين كننده نيازهاي غذايي بشر، تأمين مواد اوليه در صنايع، اشتغال و درآمد داراي اهميت بسياري است، پايداري و ثبات در رشد بخش كشاورزي از جمله عوامل مهم ياري دهنده به پايداري اجتماعي و رشد اقتصادي جامعه محسوب مي گردد. توليد محصول زعفران در ايران يكي از منابع مهم درآمد براي روستاييان و اقتصاد ملي مي باشد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسي محدوديت هاي توليد زعفران و سطح معيشت خانوارهاي روستايي در شهرستان قائنات با استفاده از روش تحليل خاكستري (GRA) مي باشد. اين مطالعه با روش پيمايشي و با استفاده از پرسشنامه و مصاحبه با 40 نفر از خبرگان و كارشناسان انجام شده است. نتايج رتبه بندي محدوديت توليد زعفران حاكي از آنست براساس آن عامل اجتماعي- فرهنگي در اولويت نخست با وزن 95/0 و عوامل محيطي، اقتصادي و كالبدي و فضايي با وزن هاي 76/0، 65/0 و 48/0 در رتبه هاي دو تا چهارم قرار گرفته اند. همچنين نتايج حاصل از سطح معيشت خانوارها عامل سرمايه طبيعي با وزن نهايي 8/0 در اولويت نسبت به ساير عوامل قرار دارد. همچنين حمايت و سياست هاي دولت، در ترغيب كشاورزان منطقه به كشت زعفران و فروش محصول در بازار موثر است.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
Agriculture as an influential sector in Iranian economy, is essential for the political and economic independence of the country. Agricultural production is carried out in any situation according to the prevailing natural, economic, social and cultural conditions. Agricultural production has been common in villages over the years, and with the advent of the modern industry sector, it became rather subsistence agriculture , a system based on consumption of the commodities the village produced. Agricultural activities, however, should be not merely for the needs of villagers, and they need to be a means for export goodsto obtain income and economic growth in the global economy. In this study, saffron as a strategic product was investigated regarding itseconomic ranking and spatial analysis of the limitations of production in Ghayenat County. .
Methodology
In this paper, gray multi-indices decision-making method (GRA) was used for economic ranking and spatial analysis of saffron production limitations in Ghayenat County. The opinions of 40 experts of the Agricultural Jahad Organization of South Khorasan and Qaen were obtained and modeled. GRASolver.2018 software was used for data analysis. Also, a set of indicators with economic, social, environmental and physical-spatial dimensions are set for the experts to check the limits of saffron production. In addition, a set of indicators forhuman, financial, social and natural capitals were determined to check the living conditions of the studied households.
Discussion and conclusion
The findings indicate the ranking of indicators according to the economic, social and cultural, environmental and physical and spatial factors affecting the limitation of saffron production in Qaen County. In the indicators of lack of warehouse and suitable place to store products, lack of access to IT technology for marketing and information about the price of products and traditional exploitation system, social and cultural factor and environmental factor in the indicators of traditional exploitation system, cost Water motors electricity and the effect of government policies, physical and spatial factor in the criteria of the traditional exploitation system and the electricity costs of water motors have priority over other criteria.
