اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﻨﺎوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت: ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺒﮑﻪاي ANP

Prioritizing Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Crisis Management with Emphasis on the Use of Information Technology: ANP Analysis of Network Process

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﻨﺎوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن آﺷﻨﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ: اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ و ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮزه ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ، 8 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ زوﺟﯽ و ﻃﯿﻒ 1 ﺗﺎ 9 ﻣﻮرد ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ رواﯾﯽ اﺑﺰار اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﯾﺎ ﻫﻤﺎن ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ زوﺟﯽ، از رواﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ در اﺧﺘﯿﺎر اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ و ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺻﺤﺖ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ و زﯾﺮﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﻗﻀﺎوﺗﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﺤﺪودي از اﻓﺮاد، داراي اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺆاﻻت ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ. اﻓﺮاد ﺧﺒﺮه ﻧﯿﺰ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﻓﺮادي ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ داراي 8 ﺳﺎل ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﮐﺎر و ﯾﺎ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺎ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮي اداﻣﻪ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮد. از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار Super Decision و ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺒﮑﻪاي ANP ﺟﻬﺖ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد زﯾﺮ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر SC8 ﮐﻪ »ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰيﻫﺎ و آﻣﺎدﮔﯽﻫﺎ« اﺳﺖ و ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ از راه دور )C3( اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ وزن 0/571 داراي ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ در ﻣﯿﺎن ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺤﺮان ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﻨﺎوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺲ از آن زﯾﺮ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر SC10 ﮐﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي ﻧﻈﺎرت، ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ و ﻫﺸﺪار ﺳﺮﯾﻊ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ وزن 0/432 در رﺗﺒﻪ دوم ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮد. اﯾﻦ زﯾﺮ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﻧﻘﺶ ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﺑﯽﺳﯿﻢ و وﺳﺎﯾﻞ ﻧﻘﻠﯿﻪ ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ ﺑﺪون ﺳﺮﻧﺸﯿﻦ )C4( اﺳﺖ.

The present study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of this research is experts familiar with the subject, which includes university professors and experts in the field of crisis management. The sample number is 8 experts who were interviewed in this study through a pair of questionnaires and a range of 1 to 9. To check the validity of the measuring instrument or the paired questionnaire, content validity was used and the questionnaire was provided to professors and experts to confirm the accuracy of the criteria and sub-criteria. In purposive sampling of the present study, purposive judgmental sampling has been used, which means that a limited number of people have the appropriate information to answer the research questions. Experts in this study were people who had at least 8 years of experience or research in crisis management. Sampling continued until the theoretical saturation stage. Super Decision software and ANP network analysis process were used to prioritize the criteria. The results showed that SC8 sub-criterion, which is "planning and preparation" and belongs to the telemedicine criterion (C3) with a weight of 0/571, has the most importance among the factors affecting management effectiveness. The crisis is with the emphasis on the use of information technology. It is followed by SC10, which is a monitoring, forecasting and early warning system, with a weight of 0/432. This sub-criterion belongs to the criterion of the role of wireless sensor networks and unmanned aerial vehicles (C4).