ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻧﺘﻘﺎدي ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﻣﺸﻬﻮر اﻣﺎﻣﯿﻪ در اﺷﺘﺮاط وﻟﻮغ ﺑﺮاي وﺟﻮب ﺗﻌﻔﯿﺮ ﻇﺮوف آﻟﻮده ﺑﻪ ﺑﺰاق دﻫﺎن ﺳﮓ

A critical analysis of the famous theory of the Imamiyyah regarding the requirement of" valoug" for the obligation to purify dishes contaminated with dog saliva

ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﻮر ﻓﻘﻬﺎي اﻣﺎﻣﯿﻪ، ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻄﻬﯿﺮ ﻇﺮوﻓﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﻤﺎس ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺎ دﻫﺎن ﺳﮓ ﻧﺠﺲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻻزم اﺳﺖ آن را )ﺗﻌﻔﯿﺮ( ﻧﻤﻮد؛ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺪرك ﺑﺮاي اﺛﺒﺎت اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ رواﯾﺎت اﺳﺖ و در آﯾﺎت ﻗﺮآن ﮐﺮﯾﻢ ﯾﺎ ادﻟﻪ ﻋﻘﻠﯽ و ﺣﺘﯽ اﺟﻤﺎع، ﻧﻤﯽﺗﻮان دﻟﯿﻞ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮي ﺑﺮاي آن ﯾﺎﻓﺖ؛ در رواﯾﺎت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺣﮑﻢ ﺗﻌﻔﯿﺮ از ﺳﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ) وﻟﻮغ اﻟﮑﻠﺐ، ﺷﺮب اﻟﮑﻠﺐ، ﻓﻀﻞ اﻟﮑﻠﺐ( ﺑﻪﺻﺮاﺣﺖ ﻧﺎم ﺑﺮده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ؛ در ﮐﻨﺎر اﯾﻦ ﻋﻨﺎوﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺻﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﺼﻮص )ﻟﻄﻊ اﻟﮑﻠﺐ( ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﻘﻬﺎ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ؛ در ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﻋﻨﺎوﯾﻦ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﮔﺴﺘﺮه ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ دارد و ﺣﮑﻢ ﺗﻌﻔﯿﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻤﻪ آن ﻣﻮارد ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ ﻧﻤﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﻮر اﻣﺎﻣﯿﻪ در ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯿﺖ داﺷﺘﻦ ﻋﻨﻮان )وﻟﻮغ( ﺑﺮاي ﺣﮑﻢ ﺗﻌﻔﯿﺮ ، ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻘﺪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ؛ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه، ﻋﻨﻮان )وﻟﻮغ اﻟﮑﻠﺐ( ﻋﻠﯽ رﻏﻢ اﯾﻦﮐﻪ در ﺑﺮﺧﯽ رواﯾﺎت ﻣﻮرد اﺷﺎره ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻟﮑﻦ از اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻨﺎد ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻧﻤﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ادﻟﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭼﻬﺎر ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻓﻀﻞ اﻟﮑﻠﺐ( از ﭘﺸﺘﻮاﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ و ﻋﻨﻮان ﻟﻄﻊ( ﻧﯿﺰ ﮐﻪ از ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﻨﺼﻮص در ﺣﮑﻢ ﺗﻌﻔﯿﺮ ﻧﻤﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ در ﺻﻮرﺗﯽ ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﮑﻢ ﺗﻌﻔﯿﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﺼﺪاق ﻓﻀﻞ اﻟﮑﻠﺐ( ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

In the narrations related to the ruling on )t'aafir(, three titles (Valulgh al-Kalb, Shorb al-Kalb, Fadl al-Kalb) are explicitly mentioned; In addition to these titles, the implicittitle (lat'a al-kalb) has also been considered by jurists; Now, according to the special method of purifying the container contaminated with dog's mouth, which also includes washing with soil (t'aafir), it is necessary to determine the subject of such a sentence correctly, because each of the mentioned titles has a specific meaning range; Regarding the title (Valulgh al-Kalb), although there are some jurisprudential narrations and texts, but none of them have the necessary validity to be cited; The subject of the ruling on purifying dishes contaminated with dog mouth is in the Sahih of )Abu al-Abbas al-Baqb'aq( (Fadl al-Kalb) and in the Sahih of Muhammad ibn Muslim drinking of th dog e )Shorb al-Kalb(;Although Muhammad ibn Muslim's sahih is for drinking of dog, which is more specific than Fadl al-Kalb, but in this article, by comparing and reviewing the texts of these three titles, it will be clear that only the subject (Fadl al-Kalb) has acceptable scientific support and the title (Lat'a) Also, which is not one of the issues specified in the ruling on t'aafir, it will be attached to the ruling on t'aafir only if it leads to the realization of the instance (Fazl al-Kalb).