شبيه سازي بارش- رواناب با استفاده از مدل هيدرولوژيكي WetSpa در حوضه آبخيز بهشت آباد

Simulation of Runoff rainfall Using WetSpa Model in Behesht Abad Watershed

اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻓﺮاوان ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺑﺎرش - رواﻧﺎب در ﺣﻮﺿﻪ آﺑﺨﯿﺰ، از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب، ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ، ﺳﺎزه ﻫﺎي ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﯿﻞ و ذﺧﯿﺮه ﺳﯿﻼب ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن ﻣﺪل ﻫﺎي ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﺑﺰاري ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ رﻓﺘﺎر ﺣﻮﺿﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار دﻫﻨﺪ . ﻟﺬا در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺪف ، ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺪل WetSpa ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎرش و ﻫﯿﺪروﮔﺮاف ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺣﻮ ﺿﻪ آﺑﺮﯾﺰ ﺑﻬﺸﺖ آﺑﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از داد ه ﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و ﻫﯿﺪروﻣﺘﺮي روزاﻧﻪ اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي 89 -93و ﺳﻪ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ار اﺿﯽ و ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺧﺎك رواﻧﺎب ﺣﻮﺿﻪ ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ . ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ذﮐﺮ اﺳﺖ از اﯾﻦ دوره آﻣﺎري ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎل 89-93ﺑﺮاي واﺳﻨﺠﯽ و دو ﺳﺎل 87 -88ﺑﺮاي اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﻣﺪل ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ . ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﺪل ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﻫﯿﺪروﮔﺮاف ﻫﺎي روزاﻧﻪ را ﺑﺎ دﻗﺖ ﺧﻮب و ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻧﺎش ﺳﺎﺗﮑﻠﯿﻒ 60/12 درﺻﺪ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼوه ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪل ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎ و ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺎ ي ﻫﯿﺪروﻟﻮ ژ ﯾﮑﯽ را ﺑﺎ دﻗﺖ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮ آ ورد ﮐﺮده و ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ دﺑﯽ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن روزاﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ واﻗﻊ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد .

The great importance of modeling the rainfall-runoff process from the perspective of water resources engineering, river engineering, flood control structures and flood storage led researchers to use simulation models as a tool to analyze and evaluate the behavior of the basin. So, in this study WetSpa model was used to simulate rainfall hydrograph flow in Beheshtabad basin. For this purpose, using hydrological and meteorological daily data of during the years 2008-2014, DEM, land use and soil texture were simulated runoff. It is noteworthy that from this statistical period, five years of 2008-2012 have been considered for calibration and the second two years of 2013-2014 have been considered for validation of the model. The simulation results show that the WetSpa model in the watershed is able to predict daily hydrographs with good accuracy and Nash Sutcliffe coefficient of 60.12%. In addition, the results show that the model of hydrological components and factors is accurately estimated and is effective for calculating daily flow rate