ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻓﻘﺮ آﺑﯽ در ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻨﺶ آﺑﯽ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن

Application of water poverty index in spatial analysis of water stress in Sistan region

ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ آﻣﺎر و ارﻗﺎم، ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن ﺟﺰو ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻓﺮ اﺧﺸﮏ و ﮐﻢ آب اﺳﺖ و ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﮐﻤﺒﻮد آب و ﺧﺸﮑﺴﺎﻟﯽ ﯾﮑ ﯽ از ﺑﺤﺮان ﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺎن را در آﯾﻨﺪهاي ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. آب و ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪت ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﯾﮏ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﻮي از ﺗﻨﺶ آﺑﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻓﻘﺮ آب )WPI( اﺑﺰاري ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻨﺶ آﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ دادن ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان آب در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺮك ﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي-اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﯾﮏ اﺑﺰار ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻓﻘﺮ آب )WPI( را ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻨﺶ آﺑﯽ در 5ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن در ﺳﺎل 1401-1400اراﺋﻪ ﻣ ﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻓﻘﺮ در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ وزن ﯾﮑﺴﺎن 0/48و در وزن دﻫﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روش AHP، 0/43ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻓﻘﺮ آﺑﯽ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن از 0/60ﺗﺎ 0/23ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﯿﺮﻣﻨﺪ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎ داراي ﺗﻨﺶ آﺑﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي اﺳﺖ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻘﺮ آﺑﯽ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن، ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺧﺸﮑﺴﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺣﺎﺋﺰ اﻫﯿﻤﺖ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Water and poverty interface is strongly interconnected and a robust assessment of water stress is crucial to identify needy areas and develop appropriate intervention for poverty reduction. Water Poverty Index (WPI) provides an interdisciplinary tool to assess water stress by linking physical estimates of water availability with socio-economic drivers of poverty. WPI is holistic water management tool designed to contribute to and is a comprehensive water management more effective water management and water resource evaluation. The results of the study show that the average poverty index in the cities of Sistan region in the same weight condition is 0.48 and, in the weight, according to AHP method is 0.43. The water poverty index varies from 0.60 to 0.23 among the cities of Sistan. hirmand city has more water stress compared to other cities.