اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﻮﻧﯿﺰه ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺎدهاي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب

The use of Foam PVC substance as a new method to reduce evaporation from water resources

ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ اﯾﺮان در ﮐﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪ ﺧﺸﮏ و ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺧﺸﮏ ﺟﻬﺎن، اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر را دو ﭼﻨﺪان ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻘﺪار آﺑﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ از ﺳﺪﻫﺎ ﻫﺪر ﻣﯽرود، ﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﻣﻘﺪار آﺑﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺑﮑﺎر ﻣﯽ رود.ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺎده ﻓﻮﻧﯿﺰه در ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺨﺎزن آزاد ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ، اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ، ﻓﻨﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي در اﺑﻌﺎد آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ از اﻫﺪاف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺳﺖ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﺳﺎﯾﺖ ﻫﻮاﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﻮﻋﻠﯽ ﺳﯿﻨﺎ ﻫﻤﺪان و ﺑﺎ دوﺑﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در اﺳﻔﻨﺪ 1397 و آﺑﺎن 1398 اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﻤﺎره 1 و 2 از 2 ﻋﺪد ﺗﺸﺘﮏ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ 400 و ﻋﻤﻖ 130 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ و 2 ﻋﺪد ﺗﺸﺘﮏ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد )ﭘﺮ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ آب ﺷﻬﺮي ﻫﻤﺪان( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺗﺸﺘﮏ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و ﺗﺸﺘﮏ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻓﻮﻧﯿﺰه ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﺮ 6/5 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ، ﭘﻮﺷﺶ داده ﺷﺪ.ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ داده ﺷﺪه ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺑﺰرﮔﯽ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ، ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ در ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﺳﺖ. در آزﻣﻮن t اﺳﺘﯿﻮدﻧﺖ، ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺗﺸﺘﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ و ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺮاي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﻤﺎره 1 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 0/17 و 0/44 و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮاي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﻤﺎره 2 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 0/18 و 0/75 ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﮐﻮﭼﮑﺘﺮ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري از 0/05 ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از وﺟﻮد اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ آﻣﺎري ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎده ﻓﻮﻧﯿﺰه در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ در ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از اﯾﻦ ﻣﺎده اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد.

Iran's location in the arid and semi-arid belt of the world has doubled the importance of managing the country's water resources. The amount of water that is wasted through evaporation from dams is sometimes more than the amount of water that is used to produce agricultural products.Investigating the effect of phoenix in preventing surface evaporation of open reservoirs by considering environmental, operational, technical and economic indicators in laboratory dimensions is one of the objectives of this research.The research was conducted at the meteorological site of Bo Ali Sina University in Hamedan and repeated the experiment twice in March 2017 and November 2018. In experiment No. 1 and 2, 2 plastic pans with a diameter of 400 mm and a depth of 130 mm and 2 standard evaporation pans (filled with Hamedan city water) were used, one pan as a control and the other pan with a 5/5 diameter ring. 6 cm, covered.The results show a direct relationship between the amount of evaporation and the covered surface, and the magnitude of the average of the control compared to the sample indicates more evaporation in the control. In the Student's t-test, the average of the sample and the control for test number 1 is equal to 0.17 and 0.44 and also for test number 2 is equal to 0.18 and 0.75. The fact that the level of significance is smaller than 0.05 indicates that there is a significant difference between the tested samples from a statistical point of view. The results indicate that the phoenix material is effective in reducing evaporation and this material can be used to manage evaporation in water sources.