چكيده فارسي :
زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: در ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت اﻧﺠـﺎم ﺷـﺪه ، ﺗﻨﻬـﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﺟﻨﺒـﻪ ﺧﺎﺻـﯽ از ﺧـﺪﻣﺖ ﺳـﺮﺑﺎزي ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺷـﺪه و ﻧـﻮﻋﯽ ﻧﮕـﺮشﺗــﮏ ﺑﻌـﺪ ي در ﺗﻤــﺎﻣﯽ آﻧﻬـ ﺎ ﺣﮑــﻢ ﻓﺮﻣـ ﺎ ﻣـ ﯽ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ. در ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺳـﻌﯽ ﺷــﺪه اﺳـﺖ ﺑــﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻟﮕﻮواره )ﭘﺎراداﯾﻢ( ﮐﻞﻧﮕﺮ و ﺑـﺎ درﻧﻈﺮﮔـﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺴـﺎﺋﻠﯽ ﮐـﻪ ﺳـﺮﺑﺎزان ﺑـﺎ آن ﻣﻮاﺟـﻪ ﻣـﯽﺑﺎﺷـﻨﺪ ، ﺑـﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ و ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﭘﯿﺶِ روي ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﻮردي ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد.
روش: در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺳـﻌﯽ ﺷـﺪه اﺳـﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﻣـﺆﺛﺮ ﺑـﺮ ﺑﻬﺒـﻮد وﺿـﻌﯿﺖ ﺧـﺪﻣﺖﺳــﺮﺑﺎزي و وزندﻫــﯽ آﻧﻬــﺎ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘــﻪ ﺷــﻮد. دراﯾــﻦ راﺳــﺘﺎ، ﺳــﺮﺑﺎزان ﭘﺎدﮔــﺎن ﺣــﺎﺟﯽ آﺑــﺎد ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌــﻪ ﻗــﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. اﻓﺮاد ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه 21 ﻧﻔـﺮ از ﺳـﺮﺑﺎزان 3 ﺗـﺎ 20 ﻣـﺎه ﺧـﺪﻣﺖ ﺑﻮدﻧـﺪ . ﻣـﺪت زﻣـﺎن اﻧﺠـﺎم ﻫﺮﯾـﮏ از ﻣﺼــﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻫــﺎ ﺑــﻪ ﻃــﻮر ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ 20 ﺗــﺎ 40 دﻗﯿﻘــﻪ ﺑــﻮد. ﺟﻤــﻊ آوري داده ﻫــﺎ ﺗــﺎ زﻣــﺎن رﺳــﯿﺪن ﺑــﻪ اﺷــﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮي اداﻣﻪ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮد. در اﯾـﻦ ﻓﺮآﯾﻨـﺪ ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟـﺐ ﺣﺎﺻـﻞ از ﻣﺼـﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻫـﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺘـﻮن ﻧﻮﺷـﺘﺎري ﺗﺒـﺪﯾﻞ ﺷـﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﺪﮔـﺬاري ﻫـﺎي ﺑـﺎز و ﻣﺤـﻮري »ﻧﻈﺮﯾـﻪ زﻣﯿﻨـﻪ اي2« ﻣﻮردﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ ﻗـﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨـﺪ. ﻣﺎﺣﺼـﻞ اﯾـﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﺸـﺖ ﻋﺎﻣـﻞ ﻣـﺆﺛﺮ ﺑـ ﺮ ﺑﻬﺒـﻮد وﺿـﻌﯿﺖ ﺧـﺪﻣﺖ ﺳـﺮﺑﺎزي ﺑـﻮد. در ﮔـﺎم ﺑﻌـﺪي ﺑـﻪ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮر ﺗﻌﯿــﯿﻦ اﻫﻤﯿــﺖ ﻫــﺮ ﯾــﮏ از ﻋﻮاﻣــﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﯾﯽ ﺷــﺪه ، از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿــﻞ ﺳﻠﺴــﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒــﯽ )AHP3( اﺳــﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. دراﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ﻫﻔﺖ ﻧﻔـﺮ از ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎن ﺧﺒـﺮه ﭘﺎدﮔـﺎن ﺣـﺎﺟﯽ آﺑـﺎد ﮐـﻪ در ارﺗﺒـﺎط ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑـﺎ ﺳـﺮﺑﺎزان ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.
ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫـﺎ : ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ ﻧﻈـﺮات ﺧﺒﺮﮔـﺎن ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﺑـﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿـﺐ : اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗـﯿﻢ ﻫـﺎي روان ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﯽ و روان ﮐـﺎوي در ﭘﺎدﮔــﺎن ﻫــﺎ )0/277(، اﺻــﻼح ﻗــﻮاﻧﯿﻦ ﻣــﺎﻟﯽ و ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎري ) 0/229(، داﺷــﺘﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣــﻪ ﻫــﺎي ﻣــﺪون و ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨــﺪ ﺑــﺮاي ﻫﻤﮑــﺎري ﺳــﺮﺑﺎزان )0/179(، اﯾﺠــﺎد اﻣﮑﺎﻧــﺎت رﻓــﺎﻫﯽ )0/127(، اﯾﺠــﺎد روﺣﯿــﻪ در ﺳــﺮﺑﺎزان )0/093(، ﺑﻬﺒــﻮد دوره ﻫــﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷــﯽ از ﻟﺤــﺎظ ﻓﻨــﯽ، ﻣﺤﺘــﻮاﯾﯽ و ﮐــﺎرﮐﺮدي )0/042(، ﺑــﺎﻻﺑﺮدن ﮐﯿﻔﯿــﺖ ﺗﺠﻬﯿــﺰات ﺳــﺮﺑﺎزان ) 0/028( و ارﺗﻘﺎءﮐﻤﯿــﺖ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿــﺖ ﻏــﺬاي ﺳــﺮﺑﺎزان )0/025( ﻣــﯽﺗﻮاﻧــﺪ در ﺑﻬﺒــﻮد وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺳﺮﺑﺎزي ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺰاﯾﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﻧﺘﯿﺠــﻪ ﮔﯿــﺮي: ﺑﺮاﺳــﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘــﻪ ﻫــﺎي اﯾــﻦ ﭘــﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻن و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣــﻪ رﯾــﺰان ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃــﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻨﻈــﻮر ﺑﻬﺒــﻮد وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد و دﺳـﺖ ﯾـﺎﺑﯽ ﺑـﻪ وﺿـﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻄﻠـﻮب ، در ﻣـﺪل ﺳـﺎزي ﺧـﺪﻣﺖ ﺳـﺮﺑﺎزي ، ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ اﮐﺘﺸـﺎﻓﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮرﺟﺪي ﻣﻮردﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار دﻫﻨﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Background and Aim: In the most of acted researches, only a certain aspect of military service has been considered and a one-dimensional attitude prevails in all of them. In the present research, using holistic paradigm and considering the issues that soldiers deal with, the challenges and problems dealed by soldiers have been investigated using a qualitative case study.
Method: In the present qualitative research, an attempt has been made to identify the factors affecting the improvement of military service and their weighting. In this regard, the soldiers of Hajiabad barracks were studied. The interviewees were 21 soldiers serving 3 to 20 months. The average duration of each interview was 20 to 40 minutes. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was reached. In this process, the material from the interviews was translated into written texts and analyzed using the open and central coding of "contextual theory". The result of this stage was the identification of eight factors affecting the improvement of military service. In the next step, in order to determine the importance of each of the identified factors, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used. In this regard, seven experts were selected from the Hajiabad barracks who were in direct contact with the soldiers.
Findings: Analysis of experts' opinions indicated that, respectively: using psychology and psychoanalysis teams in barracks (0.277), reforming financial and structural laws (0.229), having well-written and purposeful plans for cooperation of soldiers (0.179), creating facilities Welfare (0.012), creating morale in soldiers (0.093), improving training courses in terms of technical, content and functionality (0.042), improving the quality of soldiers 'equipment (0.028) and improving the quantity and quality of soldiers' food ( 0.025) can have a significant effect on improving the status of military service.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, officials and planners in order to improve the current situation and achieve the desired situation, in modeling military service, to pay serious attention to exploratory factors
