اقتصاد سياسي سياست خارجي دولت هاي نفت محور (با تأكيد بر نظرية رابرت كاكس)

Political Economy of Foreign Policy of Oil-Based Governments (with Emphasis on Robert Cox Theory)

با توجّه به روند تحوّلات نظام اقتصاد سياسي جهاني، درك صحيح از مقوله سياست خارجي كشورهاي با نظام اقتصادي نفت محور اهمّيت دوچندان دارد. باوجود پژوهش هاي بسياري كه در پي شناخت چگونگي شكل گيري سياست خارجي در اين كشورها انجام شده است، تبيين سياست خارجي اين كشورها با توجّه به فراواني عوامل اثرگذار، بسيار دشوار است؛ امّا به‌نظر مي رسد نظرات كاكس بستر مناسبي را براي فهم و درك چگونگي شكل گيري سياست خارجي در اين كشورها ارائه مي دهد. نوشتار پيش رو اين پرسش كليدي را مطرح مي كند كه نظام توليدي نفت‌محور چه تأثيري بر سياست خارجي دولت هاي نفت محور دارد؟ برمبناي آراء كاكس به نظر مي رسد ساختار توليد نفت محور با ايجاد روابط اجتماعي توليد و پيكربندي دولت، بر شكل گيري سياست خارجي در اين كشورها تأثيري اساسي دارد؛ به‌عبارت ديگر كنش سياست خارجي در اين كشورها درادامه روابط اجتماعي توليد و درراستاي بازتوليد انحصار بهره مندي از نفت قرار دارد. از اين رهگذر هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسي و فهم چگونگي رابطه نظام توليدي نفت محور و سياست خارجي است. يافته هاي نوشتار با تأكيد بر نظرات كاكس و روش بنيادي اكتشافي، نشان مي دهد كه منافع و تمايلات طبقات و نيروهاي اجتماعي مسلّط در روابط اجتماعي توليد نفت محور، تأثير اساسي بر كنش سياست خارجي در كشورهاي با نظام اقتصادي نفت محور دارد.

Considering the evolution of the global political economy system, the concise understanding of the category Foreign policy of countries with oil-based economic systems is an important axis of the dual system. Despite numerous studies that have been conducted to understand the formation of foreign policy in this countries, it is very difficult to explain the foreign policy of these countries due to the multitude of effective factors. But it seems that Cox's views provide us with a suitable platform for understanding how foreign policy is formed in these countries. The present study raises the key question of what effect does the oil-based production system have on the foreign policy of oil-based governments? According to Cox’s opinions, it seems that the structure of oil-based production has a basic effect on the formation of foreign policy in these countries by establishing social relations of production and government configuration; In other words, the action of foreign policy in these countries is in the continuation of social relations of production and in order to reproduce the monopoly of oil exploitation. In this way, the purpose of this study is to investigate and understand the relationship between the oil-based production system and foreign policy. The findings of this study, emphasizing Cox's opinions and the fundamental exploratory method, show that the interests and tendencies of the dominant classes and social forces in the oil-based social relations have a basic effect on the action of foreign policy in countries with an oil-based economic system