كليدواژه :
نقد جامعه‌شناسانه , ميرزاده عشقي , داستان بيچاره‌زاده , تئاتر مشروطه , لوسين گلدمن , انقلاب مشروطه
چكيده فارسي :
براساس نظرية ساختگرايي تكويني گلدمن آثار هنري پاسخ‌هاي معنادار به روزگار و زمانة خود هستند و حاصل برآمدن يك طبقه و رسيدن اعضاي آن به كليت يكپارچه و بيشينة آگاهي ممكن. نمايشنامة «داستان بيچاره‌زاده» در اواخر زمانة مشروطه نوشته شده و در آن ساختارهايي كه طبقة روشنفكر به دنبال پديدآوردن آنها بوده‌اند رو به ويراني است. مشروطه از معناي خود تهي شده و مبارزان واقعيِ راهِ خود را طرد كرده است و ديگراني با سابقة استبداد رنگ عوض كرده و خود را مشروطه‌خواه مي‌خوانند. از اين رو اين نمايشنامه، متفاوت با نمايشنامه‌هاي اولية روزگار مشروطه انديشه، ساختار و لحن تازه‌اي از روزگار خود ارائه مي‌دهد كه با توصيف و تشريح جامعه‌شناسانه قابل بررسي است. اين تحقيق به روش توصيفي-تحليلي انجام شده و با استفاده از منابع كتابخانه‌اي كوشيده است تا خوانشي جامعه‌شناختي از نمايشنامه با نگاه به ساختارهاي اجتماعي روزگار خودش ارائه دهد. با بررسي نمايشنامه در دولاية توصيف و تشريح مشخص مي‌شود كه اين نمايشنامه يك ساختار رو به زوال را روايت مي‌كند از اين رو در پردة آغازين همانند نمايشنامه‌هاي پيشين شيوة كمدي و نقد اجتماعي دارد اما هرچه پيش مي‌رود لحني تلخ و اندوه‌بار مي‌يابد و در پايان با سقوط دل‌گداز قهرمان به تراژدي مي‌رسد. در ساختار تازه‌اي كه اين نوشته ارائه مي‌دهد خود طبقة روشنفكر و ايدة روشنفكري به طور جدي نقد مي‌شود. زيرا مشروطه‌خواهان واقعي از ميان رفته يا تغيير رويه داده‌اند و تمام ساختارهاي عادلانه و نهادهاي مردمي در ايران شكست خورده است. از اين رو با پايان اين نمايش هم مشروطه و هم طبقة روشنفكر ويران مي‌شوند.
چكيده لاتين :
According to Goldmann's theory of formative constructivism, works of art are meaningful responses to their time and are the result of the emergence of a class and the attainment of its members as a whole and the highest possible consciousness. The play The Poor Story was written at the end of the constitutional period and in which the structures that the intellectual class sought to create are being destroyed. The constitution has lost its meaning and the real fighters have rejected their way, and others have changed their color with a history of tyranny and call themselves constitutionalists. Hence, this play, different from the early plays of the constitutional era, presents a new idea, structure and tone of its time, which can be examined by sociological description. This research has been done in a descriptive-analytical method and has used library resources to try to provide a sociological reading of the play by looking at the social structures of its time. Examining the play in two layers of description and description, it is clear that this play narrates a declining structure. The hero's heartbreak leads to tragedy. In the ne
According to Goldman’s theory of genetic constructivism, works of art are meaningful responses to their time and the result of the emergence of a class and the attainment of coherent totality and the maximum possible consciousness by its members. The play “The Story of Bichareh Zadeh” was written at the end of the constitutional period, in which the structures that the intellectual class sought to create were being destroyed. Mashrouteh has lost its meaning and rejected its real fighters and others with a history of tyranny disguised and calling themselves constitutionalists. Hence, this play is written differently from the early plays of the constitutional era, with a new structure and tone. This research is descriptive-analytical and the library resources were used to provide a sociological reading of the play in the social structures of its time. Examining the play in two layers of comprehension and explication shows that this play narrates a declining structure. Therefore, in the opening scene, like in the previous plays, it has a style of comedy and social criticism, but as it goes on, it finds a bitter and sad tone, and, in the end, the hero reaches a tragic fall. In the new structure of this play, the intellectual class and the intellectual idea itself are seriously criticized. Because the real constitutionalists have disappeared or changed their course, all the just structures and popular institutions in Iran have failed. Hence, at the end of this play, both the constitution and the intellectual class will be destroyed.
w structure that this paper presents, the intellectual class and the intellectual idea itself are seriously criticized. Because the real constitutionalists have disappeared or changed their course, and all the just structures and popular institutions in Iran have failed. Hence, with the end of this play, both the constitution and the intellectual class will be destroyed.
