ارزيابي فني كاربرد سيستم زهكشي زيرزميني با پوشش مصنوعي pp450 در مقايسه با پوشش شن و ماسه (مطالعه موردي كشت و صنعت سلمان فارسي)

Technical evaluation of underground drainage system application with artificial cover pp450 in comparison with sand cover (Case study: Salman Farsi agro-industry)

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه: اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺳـﯿﺴـﺘﻢ زﻫﮑﺸـﯽ زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻢ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻮﺳـﺎﻧﺎت ﺳـﻄﺢ اﯾﺴـﺘﺎﺑﯽ و ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺳـﯿﺴـﺘﻢ زﻫﮑﺶﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي دو ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ زﻫﮑﺶﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ ﺷـﻦ و ﻣﺎﺳـﻪ و ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ ﻣﺼـﻨﻮﻋﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷـﺪ. دو ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ )ﯾﮑﯽ داراي ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ و دﯾﮕﺮي ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﯽ(ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ ﮐﺪام داراي 6 ﻟﺘﺮال ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ؛ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭼﺎﻫﮏﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪاﺗﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ ﻫﯿﺪروﻟﯿﮑﯽ، ﻧﻮﺳـﺎﻧﺎت ﺳـﻄﺢ اﯾﺴـﺘﺎﺑﯽ و ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷـﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد زﻫﮑﺶﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ اﺳـﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، و ﺑﺮ روي ﻟﺘﺮال وﺳـﻂ، در ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﺧﻂ زﻫﮑﺶ در ﻓﻮاﺻـﻞ 0/75 ،0/50 ،0/25از ﻃﻮل ﻟﺘﺮال ﻧﺼـﺐ ﺷـﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷـﺪه، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺳـﯿﺴـﺘﻢ زﻫﮑﺸـﯽ و ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﭘﺲ از اﻧﺠﺎم آزﻣﺎﯾﺸـﺎت، ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷـﺪه در روش ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎر ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ دو ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺧﻮب ﺑﻮده اﺳـﺖ. و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻـﻞ از دو ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ ﻣﺸـﺎﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻮده اﺳـﺖ اﻣﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ در روش ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎر، ﺿـﺮﯾﺐ آﺑﺪﻫﯽ وﯾﮋه ﺑﻪ دﺳـﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪﻫﺎ، ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺗﻔﺎوت زﯾﺎدي داﺷـﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷـﺪه، ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. و ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻫﺮ دو ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﻄﻠﻮب و ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ از ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن داده اﻧﺪ

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of shallow underground drainage system on water level fluctuations and to study the design parameters of the underground drainage system using two samples of underground drainage cover including sand cover and artificial cover. Two farms (one with mineral cover and the other artificial), each with 6 laterals; were chosen. Piezometers were installed to measure hydraulic conductivity, water table fluctuations and to determine the performance indicators of underground drains according to existing standards, and they are used on the middle lateral, between two drainage lines at intervals of 0.25, 0.50 , 0.75 of lateral length. The performances of drainage system and design parameters were evaluated using the measured parameter. The results showed that the parameters designed in the continuous flow method were good for both farms. and the results of the two coatings were similar, but only in the non-continues flow method, the specific flow coefficient obtained from the equations were very different. Using the measured parameters, the design parameters were evaluated. and according to the results, both coatings have shown desirable and similar performance.