كليدواژه :
تاريخ سيستان , محمّدبن وصيف , تصحيف , لتام , لگان
چكيده فارسي :
در بسياري از دست‌نويس‌هاي موجود، به دليل خطاي كاتبان و اعمال سليقۀ متعمدانۀ آنها در تغيير و جايگزين كردن كلمات مهجور، بخشي از واژگان محفوظ در اين متون دستخوش تغيير شده است. در اين ميان، يكي از بايسته‌هاي فرهنگي براي پيشبرد زبان و ادبيّات فارسي آن است كه اين واژگان كه از بلاي تصحيف، تحريف و تغييرِ چنان كاتباني به دور نمانده اند بازيابي و معرفي شوند. نگارندگان با توجّه به اهمّيّت وافر اين نوع از پژوهش، به بررسي و روشن كردن يك جاي‌نام در شعر محمّدبن وصيف سگزي پرداخته‌اند. بنا بر قول نويسندۀ تاريخ سيستان، محمّدبن وصيف، در بيتِ «به لتام آمد رتبيل و لتي خورد پلنگ/...» به غلبۀ يعقوب ليث بر رتابله اشاره دارد. «لتام» در اين بيت از نظر محقّقان شناخته شده نيست و اين ناشناختگي، مايۀ برآشفتگي بسيار شده است. اين مقاله، ابتدا اقوال مختلف را در مورد واژۀ مورد مناقشه بررسي و نقد كرده و در نهايت هيچكدام از ضبط ها را نپذيرفته است. نتيجۀ پژوهش حاضر، پيشنهاد اين نكته است كه «لتام»، تصحيفي از «لگان / لكان» است.
چكيده لاتين :
1. Introduction
It has been told in the book history of Sistan, when Jacob achieved great victories and the king gave him domination of Kerman and Pars, the poets admired him in the Arab language because he didn't know Arabic, he didn't understand the poetries, so he said don't express what i don't perceive. At this time Mohammad-ben-Vasif was a sober man, started Persian poetry for him and compose:
اي اميري كه اميران جهان خاصه و عام
بنده و چاكر و مولاي و سگ‌بند و غلام
ازلي خطي ور لوح كه ملكي بدهيد
به ابي يوسف يعقوب بن ليث همام
به لتام آمد زنبيل و لتي خورد بلنگ
لترَه شد لشكر زنبيل و هَبا گشت كُنام...
In the all resources as following history of Sistan "Letam" has been written "Letam" and based on researchers "Letam" transformed of "Logan / Loc@n".
Methodology
This research is following a decriptive-analytical method. Based on this method, we investigated the documents including considered couplet and then surveyed the commentators. Eventually, by using historical and literary documents, we didn't recognise it correct and suggested a new form.
Discussion
Mohammad Vasif Sagzi is one of the pioneer poets in Persian poetry. It has been told about him in the history of sistan book his scribe was Jacob leith a polite man. He glorified him in an ode by beginning a couplet :
اي اميري كه اميران جهان خاصه و عام
بنده و چاكر و مولاي و سگ‌بند و غلام
There is a couplet in this ode that most researchers and commentators analysed, but most of them focused on words such as "Ratbil/ Zonbil", "palang/ begeng/ kolang". that may written wrong. "Letam" is another word argued about its meaning. Sombody meant it fight and others meant it a local name of place. We annunce . "Letam" is a transformed word of "Logan / Loc@n" that uninforming of this made the poetry in ambiguity.
"Logan / Loc@n" is a local name of a place in Sistan-Provience. Based on Moqadasi research, the author of History of Sistan and Beihaghi references, this plain has governmental function. Moqadasi recalled this plane for the army as an altered Arabic shape of Askar. Toward Qaznin there is a place like a city called Asqar as a place of lord. This territory in the history of Sistan has been mentioned as Bakan plain and the existence of Bab-taam district proves our idea about that writing form of Bakan plain is another form of writing Lekan/Legam plain. By investigating the historic documents and poetry, it has been cleared some indications that prove our idea.
Abolfazl beyhaqi in his book has written about Legan Plain three times. Onsori-balkhi in an ode for king Mahmoud in describing one of the palaces of this realm has mentioned this plain as Lekan plain:
به فرّ قصر تو شد خوب همچو عقد به درّ
هواي بست و لب هيرمند و دشت لكان
Farrokhi-sistani also mentioned this plain in an ode.
Conclusion
As recording the poetry as "Letam" The researchers have been tried to clarify the ambiguity of poetry. The ambiguity of meaning in this phrase «به لتام آمد» caused the researchers to express various interpretations to interpret this poet. By considering the indications in this article, "Logan / Loc@n" have to replace "Letam" and this is a word of Mohammad-ben-vasif poetry. Also, by the instances in this article, we express this word is name of a place in Sistan district.
