علايم اختلال كمبود توجه و بيش فعالي كودكان زير سن مدرسه براساس گزارش والدين و مربيان در مهد كودك ها

The Attention Deficiency Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms of Preschool Children Based on Their Parents and Teachers Report at Day Care Centers

Introduction: ADHD is the most common behavioral problem in childhood. The studies identified the peak age of ADHD to be between three and four years old, and two thirds of children whose ADHD is later diagnosed would have been identifiable during the preschool years. However, most studies on this disorder have been carried out in school age populations, investigations are important in preschoolers from the view point of early detection, providing help and prevention of the complications. Methodology: This research is a descriptive- comparative study with the aim of finding out ADHD symptoms of preschool children at day care centers in Tabriz based on their parents and teachers reports, and upon DSM-III-R criteria. 273 children three to five years old were randomly chosen from 31 daycare centers and the questionnaires were completed by their parents and teachers separately. The statistical tests of the Mc Nemar, One-way anova, Chi- Square and independent ʹTʹ were used for data analysis. on their parents reports and 7.7 percent of them based on teachersʹ reports have the ADHD symptoms. Although comparison of their reports indicate that parents tend to report hyperactivity- impulsivity symptoms more than inattention symptoms, there were no significant differences between parentsʹ and teachersʹ reports. Conclusion: While, there were no significant differences between parentsʹ and teachersʹ reports, using both groupsʹ reports may be useful in behavioral screening of preschool children aimed at identifying ADHD symptoms. Moreover, with regard to high percent of ADHD in preschool children, careful evaluation of ADHD symptoms and familiesʹ psychopathology are recommended.