بررسي اثر برخي آفت‌كش‌هاي تجاري و عصاره‌هاي گياهي بر روي ميزان تغذيه سن شكارگر Deraeocoris lutescens

Effects of some commercial pesticides and plant extracts on the prey consumption of predatory bug Deraeocoris lutescens

شته سياه باقلا Aphis fabae Scopoli يكي از مهمترين آفات محصولات زراعي در سرتاسر جهان است. سن شكارگر Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling) (Hem.,: Miridae)، جايگاه ممتازي در كنترل بيولوژيكي شته­ هايي از قبيل شته سياه باقلا دارد. در دهه­ هاي اخير در جوامع رو به رشد، گرايش به مصرف هر چه كمتر سموم شيميايي و استفاده از مشتقات گياهي به عنوان جايگزين سموم مصنوعي بوده است. در تحقيق حاضر، اثر تلفيق دشمن طبيعي با آفت­كش­هاي تجاري (پيريميكارب و آبامكتين) و عصاره ­هاي گياهي Melia azedarach و Peganum harmala روي ميزان تغذيه دشمن طبيعي اسپري شده مورد ارزيابي قرار گرفت. نتايج نشان داد تيمارهايي مانند آفت­كش­هاي پيريميكارب و آبامكتين، بعد از گذشت 24 ساعت، تغذيه دشمن طبيعي از شته ­ها را به ميزان قابل توجهي كاهش دادند.

The black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most important pests of several The black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most important pests of several cultivated crops throughout the world. The predatory bug Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling) (Hemiptera: Miridae) have privileged position in biological control of aphids such as the black bean aphid, A. fabae. Recently, there has been a growing interest in research concerning the possible use of plant extracts as alternatives to synthetic insecticide. In the present study, the effect integration of natural enemy with commercial pesticides (pirimicarb and abamectin) and plant extracts Melia azedarach and Peganum harmala, to control of A. fabae were investigated. The result showed, combination of plant extracts M. azedarach and P. harmala with natural enemy causes significant decrease in this pest population and M. azedarach has less hazardous on natural enemies. Also, the effects of commercial pesticides and plant extracts on the prey consumption of natural enemies were evaluated. Totally, the results of these experiments indicated that the ethanolic extract of M. azedarach and pirimicarb have a minimum impact on the mortality of natural enemies, and the ethanolic extract of M. azedarach has a minimum impact on the feeding of natural enemies.