تاثير آبياري جويچه اي با كاشت يك رديفه و دورديفه بر بازده مصرف آب و صفات كمي و كيفي چغندرقند در شرق استان اصفهان

The Effect of Furrow Irrigation, Single Row and Double Row Planting on Water Use Efficiency, Quantity, and Quality of Sugar Beet Yield

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of planting layout on sugar beet water use efficiency in a silty loam soil in Kabootar Abad research station in Esfahan, during 1999 to 2000. The treatments were as follow: I- Single rows 50 cm apart; all furrows irrigated. 2- Single rows 50 cm apart; alternate furrows irrigated. 3- Single rows 60 cm apart; all furrows irrigated. 4- Single rows 60 cm apart; alternate furrows irrigated. 5- Variable spacing rows; 40 cm apart on each broad planting bed and 50 cm apart on each side of the furrow. 6- Variable spacing rows; 40 cm apart on each broad planting bed and 60 cm apart on each side of the furrow. The results indicated that the most and the least amount of water consumption were noticed in treatments 2 (22693 m3 ha-l) and 6 (15300 m3 ha-ʹ), respectively. Narrower width of ridges in the single row treatments compared to the double row ones, along with considerable clay and silt contents of soil resulted in the collaps of ridges by the shear force of water flow during each irrigation practice. These effects were augmented by lack of sufficient soil organic matter content. Collaps of ridges not only impeded the rate of water advance, but also increased runoff and deep percolation and caused poor water distribution uniformity along the furrows. During those years, the highest root yield was obtained in treatment 5 for 45.85 t/ha. Also, the highest sugar yield was noticed in treatment 5 for 6.88 t ha-I which was related to the high root yield in this treatment. Finally, variable row spacing treatments are recommended for their higher water use efficiencies in both root and sugar yield along with ease of irrigation management in these treatments.