سنجش تاثير عوامل دروني و بيروني خانواده بر بزهكاري نوجوانان

The Impact of Internal and External Family Factors Upon .Juvenile Delinquency(Experimentation Based on an Integrated Theory of Social Control and Differential Connection)

The present paper reports a field study on delinquency among the young adults charged with delinquency and arrested there after in Tehran in 1992. In order to determine the factors and at the same time account for the internal and external forces affecting delinquency, a theoretical framework was developed and applied which was a combination of the Hirshi Social Control Theory and the Sutherland-Kursi theory of differential connection. From among 140 under age boys and 15 under age girls arrested in 1992, 90 boys plus all the 15 girls took part in a structured interview. Four variables indicative of acts of delinquency were measured, together with 81 independent variables including individual characteristics, living conditions and immigration, family support system, beliefs and performances, socializing with delinquents, leisure time and hobbies. The data were reduced into smaller scales through factor analysis, which rendered one factor as contributing to severity of delinquency and 28 factors as representing the independent variables in condensed form. Administration of a multi-regression analysis demonstrated that severity of delinquency is influenced and explained merely by three factors: attachment to the family, beliefs and attitudes, and socializing with delinquents. The findings demonstrate that as family ties become stronger and attachment to the family increases, severity of acts of delinquency decreases; also religious beliefs prevent delinquency, whereas negative attitudes toward rules and regulations, agents of law and social norms encourage delinquency; finally, constant and continuous socialization with delinquents inclines the young adult towards delinquency.