بررسي بيماران مبتلا به ليشمانيوز احشايي در بيمارستان هاي دانشگاه علوم پزشكي مشهد سالهاي 75-1361

Evaluation of kala azar in patients reffered to Mashhad University Hospitals during 15 years

Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) is a zoonotic disease which is endemic in many part of Asia, Europe, Africa, south America and middle east area. Three species of Leishmania Genera (L. donovani, L. infantum and L. chagasi) are responsible for visceral leishmaniasis. The form of Kala-azar that is common in Iran is Mediteranian form and it is sporadic in Khorasan. In this study, the records of 104 patients hospitalized during 1982-1996 in Mashhad University Hospitals were investigated. More than 97% of patients were from Khorasan province and less than 3% were from the neighbour provinces. Most of the patients were from the northern part of Khorasan specially Shirvan, Bojnord and Mashhad. Most of the patients were male (62.5%) and more than 92% of them were under 10 years old. The common clinical signs were high fever, splenomegaly and paleness. Laboratory findings showed decrease of Hb and Hct. Leukopenia, with relative monocytosis, reticulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, increase of PT, PTT, ESR, and Gamaglobulin. Diagnosis was based on looking the Leishman body in bone marrow aspiration (97%) and liver biopsy (3%) and they were treated by Glucantime (i.m.) In all of them but prognosis was not good in few patients. It is concluded that visceral Leishmaniasis in Khorasan may have endemic foci, which needs more investigations.