رابطه دين و سياست در ايران يك بررسي تيوريك و تاريخي

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELIGION AND POLITICS IN IRAN; A THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL SURVEY

The relationship between religion and politics in Iran is one of the most important issues that this essay seeks to explain it theoretically and empirically. The main argument here is this point that religion and politics can have constructive interaction with each other on rational, scientific and legal basis. But the mixture of religion and the state and orgnizing of religion by the state is problematic and also incompatible with reason and science and even the spirit of religion itself. Then as an ideology and discourse, religion will be used instrumentally in the interests of ruling class and both religion and the state become weak. Islam, despite its monolithic vision of man and God, this world and the other world, and the temporal and spiritual aspects of life, is compatible with reason, free choice of man and science and division of labour. It is not compatible with theocracy. So Islam approves the functional separation of religious and governmental realms, and agrees with division of labour in a modern society. However, according to the historical experience, the mixture of religion and the state in Iran has led to the weakness and destruction of both religion and the state.