بررسي مقايسه اي مهارت هاي گفتاري دختران تشانگان داون و دختران داراي نارسايي ذهني غيرنشانگان داون

Speech skills in Down syndrome girls in comparison with other mental retarded girls

Introduction: Previous studies indicated that children who acquired conversation concept, produce adjectives better than other mental retarded. Other studies showed that Down syndrom children have lower linguistic abilities than other mental retarded children. The main goal of this research was to study the effects of Down syndrom on production of semantic skills. Materials and Methods: This analytic cross - sectional study was conducted on girls who studied in exceptional primary schools of Semnan city. Samples were chosen systematicaly. At first, 38 Down syndrom girls, who were monolingual and with no sign of sensory and motor deficites, were selected. Then, 37 mental retarded girls (non - Down syndrom), that mental retardation had no specific ethiology, were matched on date of birth, educational level, failuer in previous classes, parentʹs job and education. These 75 pupils participated in operative tests and those who were able to comprehend the concept of conversation were examined by Raven Colourd Progressive Matrices. At final stage, 30 educable girls were participated in production test. Results: Our findings showed that: 1. The production of nominal and superlative adjectives were equivalent between two groups, but Down syndroms had Iower ability in production of comparatives; 2. The simplisity of adjectives were as fallow: nominal > comparative > superlative, and big-small > tall-short > thick-thief > wide-narrow. 3. There were few samples able to produce superlatives; Conclusion: This investigation revealed that girls suffering from Down syndrom have lower ability on production of semantic skills.