مقايسه مشكلات رواني و اجتماعي والدين كودمان عقب مانده ذهني تحت پوشش توان بخشي بهزيستي اردبيل ، سال 1380

Comparison of Psycho-Social Difficulties of the Parents with Mentaly Retarded Children Under Rehabilitation in the Ardabil Behzisti 2001

Background: Mental retardation is seen in 2-3 percent of population, and it is the major difficulty,for any family and any society. Families who take care of their mentally retarded children at home are faced with problems of forms and sizes. Identifying their difficulties and factors related to them, can be usefull for family support and guidance by supportive organizations. This survey has been carried out to determine the psycho - social problems of parents with mentally retarded children. Materials and Methods: This survey is a descriptive analytical study. In this survey with simple and longitudinal sampling of 60 parents, a 120 questionaries was given to them. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive and X^2 statistics. Results: The results showed that 58.3% of mothers were above the suitable age for pregnancy. 53/3% of them had family marriage, and 51.7% had mental retardation history in their family. 56,7% of mothers had not any health care during their pregnancy, 38.3% of them had consumed drug without consultation with a physician, 76.7% of mothers had severe psychological problems and 61.7% had severe social problems. Whereas fathers had 55% and 38.3% moderate psychological and low social problems, respectively which is statistically significant (P< 0.05). There was a statistically significant relationship between childʹs gender, parentʹs social problems, and fatherʹs occupation and their social problems. Also the education level of mothers had a significant relationship with their psycho- social problems (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that mothers with mentally retarded children have many psycho-social difficulties, and were suffering from more psycho- social problems compared with the fathers . So it is rcommended that these parents get under health risk group catogorization.