روابط فنوتيپي بين صفات زراعي و اجزاي عملكرد در گلرنگ

Genotypic and Phenotypic Relationships among Agronomic Traits and Yield Components in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.)

This study was conducted to investigate genetic and phenotypic relationship between different agronomic traits and yield components in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). In this study, 66 selected lines from different Iranian landraces of Azarbaijan, Khorasan, Kordestan, Markazi (Arak), Isfahan along with 13 foreign genotypes and local populations of Koose and Arak-281I were evaluated in a simple lattice design. The correlation coefficient revealed that the number of seeds per head and the number of heads per plant had the highest positive, phenotypic and genetic correlation with both of seed yield and seed yield per plant. Also, there was a high positive genetic and phenotypic correlation between the seed yield per plant and seed yield (kg/ha). Based on the regression analysis, the number of seeds per head and the number of heads per plant were recognized as the most important components of seed yield per plant and were accounted for 75% of its variation. Path analysis showed that the number of heads per plant had the most positive and direct effect and a high negative and indirect effect through seed weight on both seed yield and seed yield per plant. Despite high positive and direct effect of seed weight on seed yield, the correlation between this trait and seed yield was negative. It was most probably because of a high negative correlation between seed weight and the number of heads per plant. The oil content which was determined for 20 superior lines in terms of seed yield, and also for the local population of Koose, showed that there was no significant correlation between oil content and the other traits, except for the number of seed per head (rg=0.53*)