چشم اندازي بر بيوراكتورهاي غشايي جهت تصفيه آب و پساب ، رسوب گيري غشايي و راهكار پيشگيري از آن

A glance at Membrane Bioreactors for wastewater treatment, membrane fouling and strategy for preventing

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been widely used as advanced wastewater treatment process in recent years. However, MBR system has a membrane fouling problem, which makes the system less competitive. In general, membrane fouling occurs more seriously on hydrophobic membranes than hydrophilic ones because of hydrophobic interaction between solutes, microbial cells, and membrane materials. Membrane fouling can also be attributed to the adsorption of organic species, the precipitation of less soluble inorganic species, and the adhesion of microbial cells at the membrane surface. One way for modification of membrane surface is CO2 -plasma treatment. It seems that the pore size and porosity of the membranes after plasma treatment increased at first then decreased with the increase of plasma treatment time. The other way is immobilization of TiO2 nanoparticles on/in membranes. TiO2 deposited membrane shows greater fouling mitigation effect compared to that of TiO2 entrapped membrane. Regardless of polymeric material, membrane fouling is mitigated by TiO2 immobilization. It can be concluded that TiO2 immobilized membranes are simple and powerful alternative for fouling mitigation in MBR application.