نقش و اهميت سازگاري دانش آموزان نابينا و عوامل موثر بر آن

The Role and Importance of the Blind Studentsʹ Adjustment and Its Influencing Factors

Aim: Since the level of the individualsʹ adjustment determines the state and degree of their achievement in their social activity, and considering the limitation of the blind and the low vision individuals (due to their special conditions) have in adapting themselves to their environment, investigating the various aspects of the blind studentsʹ adjustment and the factors which may influence its quality and level becomes necessary. Method: a survey research has been carried on, interviewing and distributing questionnaires among 340 blind female and male students in daily schools (68 students) and boarding schools (272 students) in Tehran, to measure the studentsʹ adjustment in mental, psycho-emotional, and social dimensions and also the combination of these three dimensions, namely their over-all adjustment. Moreover, the factors influencing the adjustment of the blind students in the form of individual, institutional and family variables have been explored and compared with each other. Results: The results show that : 1. There is correlation between the studentʹs school, level of visual impairment, attitude to life, motivation for improvement, and the parentsʹ attitude to the blindness of their child and the psycho-emotional adjustment of the blind student. 2. There is correlation between the studentʹs sex, age, level of visual impairment, attitude towards life and motivation for improvement and the socio-practical adjustment of the blind students. 3. There is correlation between the studentʹs level of blindness, attitude towards life and motivation for improvement and the psycho-emotional state of the family. 4 - There is correlation between the parentsʹ attention, their cooperation in the matters of their childʹs education, and their socio-economic state and the overall adjustment of the blind student. 5 - In general, comparing the role of individual, institutional and family factors, the family variables exert the most important influences on the quality and degree of adjustment of the blind children and adolescents.