مباني زبانشناسي و عقلي شمول خطاب به غايب و معدوم (مطالعه تطبيقي )

The Linguistic and Rational Foundations of the Generalization of Address to Absent and Non - Existent

Who are the direct addressees of the Qurʹanic verses ? whether the addressees should he present or include those people who are not present and will be present in the future. Addressing depends on three elements of addresser, addressee, and address. Their temporal separation is not possible. Rationaly speaking, it is impossible to address absent or non - existent. So how does the Qurʹan address the absents and non - existent people? It goes without saying that we are in need of two kinds of foundations to justify its theoretical and practical consequences. One is rational, the other one is linguistic foundation. This article tries to examine the views of three great jurists: Akhund Khurasni the author of Kifayat at - usul , Diya al - Din Iraqi the author of Maqalat al - usul , and Imam Khomeini the author of Minhaj at - wusul .