باورهاي كلامي قاضي ابوبكر باقلاني

The Scholastic Beliefs of Qadi Abu Bakr al - Baqillani

The Qadi Abu Bakr al-Baqillani had an outstanding role in the establishment of Ashʹari Scholasticism. He was an expert in scholastic theololgy, jurisprudence, and the Quranic sciences. In the present article I have only looked at him from the perspective of scholastic theology and have reviewed his thoughts on scholasticism. Al-Baqillaniʹs scholastic system, in general, resembles a geometrically designed structure. In other words, the problems outlined possess a logical and deductive order so that the preceding problems are the basis for the next ones, and the following problems result from the previous ones. In this way, we observe that al-Baqillani begins his scholastic discussions by defining the problem and dividing it into evident and theoretical sciences, he makes it possible to pose the next problem by illustrating different kinds of self- evident and theoretical knowledge. In this manner, when rationel recognition is considered valid, al-BaqillanT utilizes it as a means for studying nature and sees bodies as the structures in which the final atoms are the materials of these structures. In addition to atoms (essences) and bodies, al-Baqillani observes other manifestations in this world that only last a moment and are called accidents. If we see these accidents as being stable, it is becuse God recreates them every moment. This is where a1-Baqillani rejects the law of causation. In any case, after establishing the occurece of bodies and accidents, al-Baqillani sets out to prove a creator for the world. In doing this, he rejects the opinion of all the other groups that attribute worldly phenomena to some thing other than God. After proving the singularity of the creator, he opens the discussion of Godʹs attributes. His opinion about the way we should relate these attributes to the essence is that God is endowed with these attributs through ancient and stable meanings, and these meanings are additional to essence, although they canʹt be seperated from essence either.