چند نكته درباره شيوه تصحيح دوبيتي هاي باباطاهر

Some Guidelines for Editing the Quatrains of Baba Taher

The quatrains of Baba Taher, the 4th/10th century mystic (d. in 410/1019), enjoy a good degree of populariy in Iran and other Persian-speaking lands. They have been written in the local dialect of Hamadan, his birth-place, and express in a simple everyday language the concepts of love and the pain of separation from the beloved. No manuscript from the poetʹs own time has survived, and as a result his divan contains many lines which are now considered to be later interpolations. Likewise many generations of scribes who have copied his poems may well have tampered with Baba Taherʹs text in order to make his language more palatable to mainstream Persians. Dr. Mowlaʹiʹs "tips" for working towards a new edition of the poetʹs divan are based on a close examination of the oldest extant manuscript of the poems, the MS. now in the museum at Qoniya, Turkey, dated 848 A.H. (1444 C.E.). Even though four centuries separate this MS. from the times of the poet, and even though the MS. contains no more than eight quatrains and two stanzas of three and six couplets respectively, enough internal evidence exists in the text, the author believes, to provide a few guidelines for future editors. Some of these: - The metrical patterns do not follow exactly the same rules that Sams Qeys has laid down for classical Persian poetry. In Baba Taher the first couplet is often written in one meter (mafa `ilon mafa `ilon faʹulon ) and the second couplet in a variant of the same meter (fa`elaton mafa`ilan fa`ulon). Therefore those quatrains in the poetʹs divan that have a single meter may not be Baba Takerʹs, or may have been heavily tampered with. - A characteristic feature of Babaʹs text is the presence of a "transitive past tense" which has survived only in some western Iranian dialects, for instance man...zad dast rather than zadam dast, which would be its equivalent in Dari Persian. If some quatrain is found to be wholly devoid of this verb form it may well be spurious. - Again, another remnant of the Middle Persian of the Western regions in the poetry of Baba Taher is the first person nominative pronoun az (which has been replaced by man in Dari Persian), e.g. az an espide bazam Hamadani... (I am the white hawk of Hamadan...).