ارايه يك مدل فيزيكي براي مطالعه رانش خاك تحت اثر سربارهاي استاتيكي و سيكلي

A New Physical Model To Study The Earth Pressure Under Monotonic And Cyclic Surcharges

Knowing the nature of earth pressure behind the retaining walls under different conditions plays an effective role in safe design and construction of these structures. Many physical and analytical models have been developed to evaluate the earth pressures under static loading conditions. Although there are still some differences between the earth pressures measured by large scale physical models and those estimated by analytical models, even under static loading conditions, however the pressure distribution behind the retaining wall and its point of application are relatively specified and defined clearly in these conditions. The main difficulty rose when the dynamic conditions occurred. in spite of different methods and codes suggested to consider the pressure distribution and the point of load applications behind the walls in these conditions, to apply these methods correctly, one has to know the accurate assumptions upon which these models have been developed. in order to achieve an accurate and comprehensive understanding of the earth pressures under different conditions, a new physical model has been developed which is capable to study the earth pressures behind the model walls under different monotonic and cyclic overburden surcharges. The retaining walls in this model may set at rest condition or have any required displacement leading to active or even passive conditions. in this paper the design principles and construction of such model have been described in details and its capabilities in monitoring the conditions and measuring the developed pressures have been explained. Finally some important test results, achieved through extensive studies by this model, have been presented and discussed.