استفاده از شاخص تعادل خصوصيات محصول در برنامه هاي به نژادي گندم ديم براي مناطق سرد

Application of Crop Properties Balance Index in Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) Breeding Programs for Cold Dryland Conditions

Studying some important crop characteristics in a population and consideration of the limitations and possibilities, is a general way to determine the suitable genotypes. In this way, a part of population is used as a standard for evaluation of other parts and an optimal level is defined. In order to determine the optimal level in some crop characteristics and comparison of wheat suitability under dryland conditions, a broad information bank was developed and studied using results of 6 years cold-drylands yield trials. By using boundary lines, optimal level of crop characteristics including days to heading, days to physiological maturity, duration of grain filling, plant height and thousand kernel weight were determined, 221.2 days, 259.6 days, 33.8 clays, 62.5 centimeter and 28.3 gram, respectively. These data were closely similar to the optimal levels obtained from averaging method. Results showed that recommended cultivars in each location had similar maximum crop properties balance index (CPBl). Related maximum CPBI in Maragheh, Sanandaj, Zanjan, Ardabil and Uromieh was about 155, 270, 150, 182 and 440, respectively. Comparing with the adaptability of some popular wheat cultivars showed that cv. Sardari is suitable for cold winter and cool spring with spring precipitation, Sabalan is suitable for cold winter and relatively temperate spring with abundant spring precipitation and Azar 2 is suitable for cold fall and mild spring with fall-spring precipitation and low winter precipitation.