بررسي اثر درشت مغزي ها بر پاسخ هاي متابوليك و قلبي -عروقي افراد ديابتي نوع 2

The effects of macronutrients on cardiovascular and metabolic responses in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Information regarding the effects of macronutrients on metabolic and hemodynamic responses in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients is lacking, however, we have information about these responses in healthy subjects. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the effects of macronutrients in diabetics at Shaheed Beheshti University in 2001. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was carried out on 15 patients with type 2 DM. Insulin and norepinephrine responses were determined before and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after the intake of the wheat starch, sodium caseinat and olive oil while cardiovascular responses such as cardiac output, heart rate, stroke volume and systolic blood pressure measured before and 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after these macronutrients. Statistical analyses were done by analysis of variance with repeated measures, independent and dependent t-test. Pearson linear correlations of the responses were used to establish any relationship between cardiovascular and metabolic responses. Results: The mean age of patients (4 women and 11 men) was 38.9 ± 5.2 year and their the mean of body mass index was 24 ± 106 kg/m2. Insulin increased significantly following intake of carbohydrate and protein (p<0.05). Insulin changes were not significant after fat intake. Norepinephrine increased significantly following intake of carbohydrate, protein and fat (P<0.05). Post-prandial cardiac output rose only after protein intake (P = 0.004). Systolic blood pressure fell after the ingestion of the macronutrients but, it was significant only after the intake of the fat (P = 0.003). Conclusion: There were significant differences between all patients for their cardiovascular and metabolic responses after the intake of carbohydrate, protein and fat. For more conclusive data, we recommend more investigations on a larger group of subjects.