تاثير دور آبياري و كود دامي بر كارايي مصرف آب و عملكرد كمي و كيفي ذرت دانه اي

Effect of manure application and irrigation interval on yield indices and water use efficiency in maize (Zea mays L.)

In order to study the effect of manure application and irrigation interval on water use efficiency (WUE) and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.) using KSC704 maize hybrid, an experiment was conducted in Khorram Abad region using split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replication in two years (2000 and 2001). Irrigation treatments (traditional irrigation, 50, 75 and 100 mm evaporated from A class evaporation plate) were assigned to main plots and four levels of manure application were assigned to subplots (0, 20, 40, 60 ton/ hec). The Seed used in the experiment was single cross 704 hybrid. In each irrigation, water amount needed was measured on the basis of FC depleting percent formula and then pumped through water pipes and water meter. Result is from first and second years indicated that the effect of irrigation treatment on the grain yields and was significant at ?=1% , but the effect of manure application was non-significant. Significant increase in weight of thousand seed (gr) was created by depletion in irrigation period or decreasing of applied water, and application of 60 ton/hec of manure resulted significant in decrease of seed protein (%) at ?=1%. Also Seed protein percent significantly increased in water stressed treatment. Applied water volume had decreased in all levels of applied manure. WUE was recorded optimum in I50 and I75 treatments and in the first year WUE in these treatment significantly differed from other treatments at ?=5%. Canopy dry matter at ?=5% significantly increased with manure application and rising applied water and decreasing irrigation period. It is suggested for acquiring optimum irrigation management and crop yield and increasing WUE irrigation period must be 6 days in last vegetation growth stage and initial tasseling and 8 day in other growth stage. Also this period may be changed in initial growth stage as irrigation period and applied water decreased, so that this stage root development is less than other stages.