مزيتهاي نسبي ، سياست تجاري و چالشهاي فراروي كشاورزي ايران

Reduction of trade restrictions, transport and communication costs have led to rapid growth of world trade more than world income during last five decades. Tremendous trade reforms have been in developing countries reviled their interest on more participation in world trade. The reforms have influenced regions and policy distortions. For instance, average tariff rate in the developing countries has been reduced 50 percent during sast two decades and absolute tariff rate reduction was more than developed countries. Additionally, wide range of tariff rates is also reduced. According to international competition and economic liberalization index, compare to other selected countries, Iran has weak competition power and high government intervention on the economy. During recent years, policy and economic reforms has improved Iran competition situation but application of market and export oriented policies and more active participation in the international market must be considered. According to the condition, the paper consists of three sections: 1) Trade liberalization in the developing countries with emphasis on agricultural trade policies reforms. 2) Agricultural sector of Iran investigated with regards to international trade theory and trend of relative advantage and terms of trades to international trade theory and trend of relative advantage and terms of trade. 3) Agricultural challenges (With emphasis on agricultural exports) in relation with globalization. The paper finished with conclusion and remarks.