كليدواژه :
پزشكي , اثرات زيست محيطي , نيروگاه حرارتي , كرمانشاه , Environmental , Economical Impact , Thermal Power Plant , assessment
چكيده لاتين :
The Environmental impact assessment (EIA) of a project foresees its probable positive and negative effects and identifies and presents ways of control of the unwanted effects, if any . This study was performed in the year 2000-2001 with the aim of evaluating the environmetal and economical impact of the thermal power plant of Kermanshah(Bistoon) . In this study, the activities of the thermal power plant such as yarding, transportation, exploitation of the water resources , produced waste waters, emissions of air pollutants, mantainence , fuel changes, recruitment , jobs , and their effects on the physical, biological , economical, cultural and social environments were investigated . The levels of water , air , sound , and soil pollution were determined by standard methods . In order to assess the effects on the environment, four alternatives were proposed which were as follows : I) shut down of the power plant , H) no change in the existing situation at the power plant , III) Conversion of the fuel of the power plant compeletly to gas and IV) conversion of the fuel of the power paint completely to gas along with implementation and full control of all environmental regulations. The two methods of Leopold matrix, and check list were used to assess the various effects . In this study , three viewpoints were examined which included , I) All environmental factors have similar weightage , and therefore equal points to be given to each and every aspect . 2) A healthy natural environmental attitude in which 70% of the points reserved fir the natural environment (biological & physical) , and 30 % points for the economical , cultural , and social factors. 3) A socio-economical attitude wherein 70 % points for these factors , and only 30% for natural environmental factors . The alternative number IV, ie, conversion of the plant to gas with implementation of all regulations was elected as the best folowed by the alternativesl, II and III in the descending order. By selecting and implementing the IV`h alternative , the present problems can be reduced to a minimum and can be a stepping stone for a lasting , long term development in tune with the environmental regulations and the tender ecological balance. If the thermal power plant carries on with the present situation, in addition to the capital ivestment needed , the production of energy along with the mantainence of the plant in view of the air pollutants which it produces and discharges in the environment , it is estimated that for every hour of one KW of electricity produced, an expense of 1 14 rials will be incurred, whereas the electricity supplied to the residential consumer is at the rate of 64 rials / KW / hour. Thus , it could have serious economical , social implications .It is also essential to point out to this fact, that to date , the various economical modules which have been experienced by mankind have in their own way been detrimental to the environment . We should therefore be in search of a better alternative for the mantainence of a healthy environment . This program, at the same time should be able to increase both production and growth .
