تعيين كارايي فني و مقدار بهينه آب در توليد پسته

Determination of irrigation water consumption in pistachio production (A case study of Rafsanjan province)

An important export production of our country is pistachio which plays a great role in non-oil exporting, with almost over 400 million dollars annually foreign currency income.The shortage of water has been a serious problem in producing pistachio which can be solved by managing survey inputs and their optimum application. In this research through an empirical analysis and a two-stage-cluster sampling, 228 producers were interviewed. Then, based on two scenarios; profit maximization and cost minimization, optimum qualities of inputs were determined.The results show that optimum quantity of water is 7791 per ha for profit maximization. With respect to the area of land under pistachio cultivation in Rafsanjan (100,000 ha), in case the farmers consume water based on optimum quantity, the problem of make over use of underground water source (nearly 154 million) can be solved. In this paper, water optimum quantity was investigated by using cost minimization and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).The results of this scenario show that if the farmers act based on cost minimization, water optimum quantity will be 7294/ha on the average. Focusing on the present water consumption average of 9104.8 per producer, if the farmers act based on cost minimization, quantity of underground water used will be reduced to 181 million. Thus the problem of over using of underground sources will be removed if the farmers act on economic principles.The technical, allocative and cost efficiency of producers was calculated, and the results show that the producers’ efficiency average is 0.721, 0.819, 0.613respectively. Difference of producers’ efficiency show that we can increase yields by optimum use of inputs.