برري تنوع ژنتيكي مرغان بومي ايران با استفاده از نشانگرهاي RAPD

Study on DNA polymorphism of Iranian native chickens population using RAPD markers

Genetic diversity of five Iranian native chickens population from five province including Mazandaran , Isfahan , Yazd,Fars and Azarbayjan were studied . From each population 30 birds randomly were selected and their blood samples were collected individually . The DNA of samples were extracted by modified salting-out method. The genomic DNA amplified by using 10 RAPD randomly primer through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . Length of amplified fragments by all primers were varied from 237 to 3240 base pairs. Based on polymorphic bands with 0.1819 as well as total bands with 0.1042 , Fars and Mazandaran population had the highest genetic distance. On the other hand Fars and Isfahan population with 0.066 and 0.0391 had the lowest genetic distance Yazd and Mazandaran population with 0.208 and 0.156 had the highest and lowest inter population genetic diversity respectively . Based on phylogenic tree plotted by UPGMA method , chickens population were divided to two groups : Group I , including Isfahan , Fars ,Yazd and Azarbayjan , and group II including Mazandaran only . Although there has not been found specific marker for each population in this study but we have found considerable differences in many loci . For instance locus of X03-5 the allele with 1853bp length , Isfahan ,Fars , Yazd and Azarbayjan has frequency of 1 but in Mazandaran population has frequency of 0.225.With regard to low genetic diversity in population we can prevent the decreasing of genetic diversity by increasing of effective number of population , controlling mating system to obtaining the lowest inbreeding in each population and estabilishing separate base population with large number of chickens .