دلايل اثبات وجود خداوند در انديشه هاي تفسيري زمحشري و فخر رازي

Proofs of Godʹs Existence in Zamakhshari and Fakhr Raziʹs Interpretativeʹs Ideas

Comparative study is a ray in understanding the ideas of two different and effective exegeses in the history of the sciences of kalam and tafsir (exegesis). Zamakhshari in his al-kashshaf and Fakhr Raj in his al-tafsir al- kabir despite their differences held that they can attain the knowledge of God Through rational demonstration, and apart from those proofs they proposed other proofs of the Quran. Both of them applied the proofs of Fitrah (primordial nature) and origination in bodies and attributes. But Razi apart from these proofs employed philosophical proofs such as necessity and possibility, possibility of essences and accidents and other proofs composed of possibility and origination of essences and accidents. Nevertheless, such diffcrcnes of view is explicable with regard to their methodological principles. Zamakhshari is a theologian who has no favourable attitude toward philosophical method and considers it as absurd. Therefore his attitude is theological in nature. While Razi is a theologian who was effected by philosophy, and as a result apart from theological proofs he proposed philosophical proofs as well. Therefore there is a variety of proofs for Godʹs existence in al-tafsir al- Kabir.