كليدواژه :
Free-Will , تقديرگرايي , Victorianism , اراده آزاد , Darwin , ادبيات , existence , ويكتوريايي گرايي , Fate and Fortune. , داروين , Pre- Determinism , هاردي ، توماس , زن , زنان , بقاء , بخت و اقبال , Fatalism , جبري نگري
چكيده لاتين :
The Victorian Age in England is the Age of the Novel, as the bulk of different kinds of novel was written during this age. Most of the works of the age reflect the social and political crises of the age. Thomas Hardy one of the eminent writers of the age was greatly influenced by the thoughts and ideas of Charles Darwin, and this influence was obviously reflected in his writings. Most of his novels discuss the relationship between men and women, and then the disparity that exists in the novels between men and women. In this paper, three major works of Thomas Hardy have been explored: The Return of the Native, Jude the Obscure , and Tess of the DʹUrbervilles. The above novels show the writerʹs sympathetic inclination towards the male protagonists, and this has often raised a question for both readers and critics: Is Hardy a misogynist or is he simply reflecting Victorian attitude towards women?
