مطالعه تنوع مرفولوژيكي و سيتولوژيكي گونه هاي جو )HORDEUM( در استان فارس

The study of morphological and cytological variation in Hordeum species (barley) of Fars province

In order to study of Hordeum distribution, during 2003 - 2004, different parts of Fars province were surveyed and 80 habitats of various species were recognized. For species identification, plant samples were collected from all habitats and finally 7 species named H. geniculaturn , H. bulbosum , H. vulgare , H. spontaneum , H. glaucum , H. distichon and H. violaceum were identified. In laboratory, seed germination and pretreatment, fixation, hydrolysis and staining stages had done. Genomic analysis including the length of each chromosome, long and short arms length, long to short arm ratio, and chromosome volumes were determined. Considering the chromosome numbers, they were categorized into two groups: 2n = 2x = 14 (including 4 species) and 2n = 4x = 28 (including 3 species). Chromosomal study of H. geniculatum, H. distichon and H. violaceum are reported for the first time from Iran. Karyotypic formula showed that, the diploid species were 7m and tetraploids were 12m +2sm. According to the karyotypic symmetry, all species were in the 1A class. To find the relationships between the species, 41 morphological and 5 chromosome characteristics were studied by using cluster analysis with average method. The results showed that the highest similarity was between H. spontaneum and H. distichon with 46% and the lowest was between H. violaceum and H. bulbosum with 15%.