بررسي تغييرات سيماي طبيعي و كاربري اراضي سواحل جنوبي درياي خزر با استفاده از عكس هاي هوايي و GIS

Change detection of land use and Natural feature in the Southron Caspian sea coastal zones by means of Aerial photos and GIS

The coastal zones are kinds of natural ecosystems that have important roles in our life. Those are naturally balancing by reaction to sea level fluctuation and water rising. The reaction of sea and land naturally changes feature of coastal land use. In addition, the feature of land uses changed by human activities. They have owned coastal zones and have converted them to cottages and buildings. These activities were cased Eco-environmental crises in these zones. In recent years. The Caspian southern coastal zones have severely changed by human activities and sea level fluctuation. The determining and computing of rates and kind of changes that Caspian Sea was rising in southern Caspian coastal zones are our goals in this study. In order to change detection of coastal zones at 1360-1373 duration, a small area (about 320 ha in 10 kilometers of coastal zones) was selected in Nour coastal zones by aerial photographs and GIS. The photos of both years were scanned and georefrenced by GCPs methods. They were mosaiced by their spatial coordinates. The both land-uses and the sea rising boundaries were extracted. The results showed that the rates of feature land use changing was very fast and sever, so that the most of free coastal zones have transformed to cottages, sea gardens, buildings and so on. The sea rising is cased that about 85 ha of free coastal zones was covered by sea. Some natural forest and vegetation area about 13.5 ha which were detected at 1360 photos, changed and decreased to 4.4 ha. Also, about 107 ha of land uses were changed so that the rates of buildings and structures increased to 35 ha. The results also showed that rate of feature changes of zones by human activities are more than the sea level fluctuation. Then the coastal management should be done for preventing Eco-environmental crises.