فلسفه آزادي در آخرين آثار داستايفسكي

The Philosophy of Liberty in the Last Works of Dostoyevsky

The present study discusses the philosophical approach of Dostoyevsky to the concept of "Liberty", his attitude to manʹs position in life, religious dimension, that of allegorical or metaphorical and his grave change of mind in his last works ranging from Notes from underground to the "Legend of great inquisitor" or which is, in turn, a philosophical part of Karamazov Brothers. The idealist and symbolistie Russian philosophy has chosen this novelist as its Father of Thought in late years of I9~ʹ century. How can we justify the love and nespect of philosophers and Literary men towards a novelist? Are Dostoyevskyʹ s original images of philosophy separate from his art of writing the novels? The review on enlightening analyses of philosophers such as Leon Chestov and Nicolas Berdaov and novel comments of Michael Baktine are based on the importance of vowel, speech and innovation of novelistic multi-vocal novels by Dostoyevsky. In addition to the philosophical directions of works on Liberty, the theme of some part of the present paper is examining the effects of works by Dostoievsky on some french literary men including Andre Gide and Nataly Sarraute.