پيدايش و گسترش خدمات مرجع در كتابخانه ها

The Emergence and Development of Reference Services in Libraries

Reference department is one of the most important constituents of every library and reference services represent the efforts made in any library. The history of reference services dates back to centuries ago, though modern reference services started in late 19th century. To offer desirable reference services demands good interpersonal relationships as well as knowledge and skills. Development of universities and emphasis on research in particular, are major factors in flourishing reference services in the United States. Today, due to the emergence of information technologies, librarians encounter a challenge to maintain their social entity. This article, surveys the emergence and the historical trend of development of reference services. It also studies the effects of recent innovations in reference services and, finally, gives some recommendations.