نقش شغال زرد طلايي و گوسفند در چرخه اكينو كوكوزي - هيداتيدوزيس در استان ايلام

The potential role of golden jackals and sheep in Echinococcosis / Hydatidosis life cycle in Ilam province ,West Iran

The present study was conducted to determine the potential role of sheep and jackals in Echinococcosis / Hydatidosis life cycle in Ilam province ,West Iran. Meanwhile the prevalence of hydatid cysts among goats and cattle as well as the fertility rates of different types and forms of cysts isolated from infected animals and the viability of protoscolices also were determined. In this regard ,75 golden jackals (Canis aureus ) ,2111 sheep, 1001 goats and 541 cattle were collected during three years (1997-2000).The jackals were collected either died freshly across the road or shot in the study area. Following autopsy of the animals, the small intestine removed, slit open and the epithelium of the intestine scraped into a jar. To collect worm from the intestine, the epithelial scrapings and the intestinal contents were passed through wire sieves. The contents of the sieves were washed with top water and Echinococcus was collected. Recovered worms were fixed in alcohol and stained with carmine. Meanwhile, sheep, goats and cattle were examined for hydatid cyst infection at five slaugtherhouses. Fertility rate of different types and forms of cysts isolated from infected animals and the viability of protoscolices were also determined using standard methods.Results indicated that, 1.33% of the golden jackals were infected with Echinococcus granulosus. 22.97% of the sheep, 7.19% of the goats and 33.83% of the cattle were also found to be infected with hydatid cyst. In sheep, 56.70% of the cysts were found in lungs, 14.33% in liver and 29.07% in both liver and lungs. In goats, 59.72% of the cysts were found in lungs, 22.22% in liver and 18.06% in both liver and lungs. In cattle, 45.90% of the cysts were found in lungs, 18.03% in liver and 36.08% in both liver and lungs. The cysts isolated from liver and lungs of the sheep show higher fertility rate than the cysts of liver and lungs of goats and cattle. In this regard, the fertility rates of cysts isolated from sheep ,goats and cattle were 35.47%, 16.88% and 14.70% respectively. The viability rate of protoscolices of the fertile cysts isolated from the slaughtered animals were found mostly higher than 80%.