اثر كاهش يارانه بخش كشاورزي (زراعت ) و تغيير در نرخ ماليات بر كار، بر توليد بخشي و رفاه خانوار شهري و روستايي در ايران

The Effect of Subsidy Reduction in Agriculture Sector and the Changes in Labor Tax on Sectoral Production and the Revenues of Urban and Rural Household in Iran

The general equilibrium method has many advantages and disadvantages over the incremental equilibrium method; however, its advantages seem to be more significant. For this reason, during the last decade, many offoria have been made on investigating the effects of economic policy by using a Compatible General Equilibrium (CGE) model. Generally, in these types of models, equations are divided into three categories. The Zero profits in all sectors, market clearance, and balance between incomes and costs. This article exploits the conventional micro and macroeconomics relations such as production functions, costs and so on, in order to simulate Iranʹs economy in the form of a computable general equilibrium model. To gain the expecting results, it uses the Mixed Complementarily Problems (MCP) technique along with the GAMS software through its modeling process. The purpose of this study is to investigate the consequences of the both decreasing the agricultural sector (agricultural activities) subsidy, and the changes of the labour tax, on the sectoral production and revenue of urban and rural households. For this purpose we used latest social accounting matrix (1375). The results reveal that the reduction of agricultural sector subsidy will have a negative impact on the production of all other sectors. However, for agriculture sector the percentage of this negative impact is more significant than other sectores, also its negative impact on the urban and rural revenue is considerable. The same situation is encountered for the changes in the labor tax. Rise of the labor tax has the negative impact on all other sectors but its reduction does not make any considerable positive impact on them.