ساختارهاي لايه اي همرفت پخش دو جانبه و امواج داخلي در اقيانوس

Vertical structures in oceanic environment, especially those of outflows from semi-enclosed seas, such as the Persian Gulf and Red Sea, show layers with different vertical thicknesses. These layers are interesting features which not only influence the vertical diffusion of mass and heat but could also affect the sound propagation in the ocean. In this paper, we explain two mechanisms, namely, Double Diffusive Convection (DDC) and internal waves modal structure which are mainly responsible for layer generation in the ocean. Then, the results of some laboratory work on these two mechanisms are presented. The results show that internal waves could probably he important in folding up of T/S fronts and hence, produce layerings, which are usually thicker than those produced by DDC.