مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رساني علوم و فناوري - تعيين ميزان باقي مانده سموم ارگانو فسفره در محصل سيب سردخانه هاي منطقه اروميه

چكيده لاتين :

Extensive use of chemicals for the control of pests, weeds and plant diseases in the developed and developing countries is an issue in agricultural activities which leads to the increase in production and decrease in post-harvest losses. The increasing use and lack of proper quality of such pesticides have caused many concerns on their potential harmful effects on human health. Due to the lack of reliable data, this situation has caused special worries on long - term consequences of contact with pesticides. One of the most important methods for minimizing the potential effects of pesticides on human health is to detect their residues on foodstuff especially on the fruits which are consumed in raw form. When the pesticide residue is above the acceptable level, proper measures should be taken to specifys its cause and also the cause for re-contamination. In order to control apple pests, chemical control is used in most parts of the Country. As recommended by the Plants Protection Organization, pesticides are used innumerous intervals so that withdrawal is observed. Samples were taken from the Cold storage Urmieh in order to assess theresidues of organophosphorus toxins. In general, 23samples each containing 10 apples Were taken from 23 Cold storage on random. After sampling, The samples were taken to the laboratory of Plant Pestsc in and Diseases Research Institute. The samples were prepared and preserved in-20the freezer to until the tests for measuring the residue of toxins. Were under taken from the samples and then liquid-liquid separation was done. The obtained extracts were dried, Solved in a certain amount of methanol solvent. One liter of it was injected to GC/NPD gas chromatography unit and the remaining quantities of the toxins were measured. The findings showed that the measured amounts were less than the maximum authorized amounts as per codex standard and is therefore acceptable. The toxins identified in the samples were Etrimfos, Diazinon, Malathion, Ethion and Fenitrothion. All these toxin except fenitrothion are among the toxins recommended for apple pest control and the quantities measued show that the Withdrawal in theapple gardens has been observed. However, due to the low technical knowledge of some of the farmers, Fenitrothion which is an insecticide for wheat has been used for the control of apple pests.