كليدواژه :
كشاورزي , اسكوپولامين , تروپان آلكالوييدها , HYOSCYAMUS TURCOMAN ICUS , گياهان
چكيده لاتين :
Hyoscyamus spp., including the iranian endemic species, i.e., H. turcomanicus Pojark have been regarded as the main resources of tropan alkaloids; consequently these species are of important value, medically. The materials used for this study were collected along the road side of Alasht-Charat, in Mazandaran province, during the years 1999-2000. The materials were examined taxonomically, morphologically and phytochemically. Using TLC, UV, IR and1H-NMR spectra tropan alkaloid compounds (atropine and scopolamine) were isolated and identified. Quantitative analysis was performed based on the titromertric and spectrophotometry methods. Microscopic observations carried on the leaf dried powder of plant showed cubic and stellate crystals of calcium oxalate, a large number of nonglandular hairs, spongy paranchima, anisocytic stomata and xyllem. Two major alkaloids of the plant ie. atropine and scopolamine were isolated and purificated by TLC method and their structures were determined by using UV, IR and 1H-NMR spectra. The results of qualitative tests indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and triterpenoids, however cardiac glycosid, antraquinons and saponins were absent. Quantitative studies indicated that amount of total alkaloids indicated that the amount of total alkaloids in the plant was 0.046% The results of this study showed that, comparing with the other closely related species, H. turcomanicus contains less amount of atropine and scopolamine. However, improving growing conditions may increases the amount of alkaloid components and makes the plant suitable for industrial purposes.
